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164 lines
6.3 KiB
HTML
164 lines
6.3 KiB
HTML
<!DOCTYPE html>
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<html lang="en">
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<head>
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<meta charset="UTF-8">
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<title>1.3 Flash – Boot – Debug</title>
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<link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="style.css">
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</head>
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<body>
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<h1>1.3 Flash – Boot – Debug</h1>
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Now that I have an executable bootstrap, I need to flash an actual board
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with it to check if it works as expected. On a member of the STM32F030
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family, there are two options for flashing:
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<ul>
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<li> Use the Software Debug (<b>SWD</b>) interface with a ST-Link adapter and an
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utility software to flash.
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<li> Use the serial interface to communicate with the boot loader in System
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Memory via an USB to serial adapter.
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</ul>
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As the bootstrap code I want to test does nothing except giving control
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to an idle loop, I will need extra debugging on top of the flashing
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functionality, so the SWD interface is a must for what I want to achieve
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here.
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<h2>ST-Link<h2>
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<h3>1. SWD interface</h3>
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Arm Serial Wire Debug Port (<b>SW-DP</b>) is provided as a two wire interface.
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On the STM32F030, the functionality is activated at reset on two pins
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(PA13=SWCLK, PA14=SWDIO). Most boards available online have pre-soldered
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pins for Vcc=3.3V, Gnd, SWCLK and SWDIO.
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<h3>2. ST-Link v2</h3>
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ST-Link is an in-circuit debugger/programmer for the STM8 and STM32
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chipsets. There are three versions of the product as well as mini
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versions. STM32 Discovery and Nucleo boards have an onboard ST-Link v2.
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I am using ST-Link v2 mini clones. For simple use cases, the ST-Link can
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provide power to the board to flash or test.
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<p>
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<img src="img/13_stlink.png"
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alt="ST-Link v2 mini clone connected to STM32F030F4P6 based board">
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<h3>3. STM32 Cube Programmer</h3>
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Referenced as
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<a href="https://www.st.com/content/st_com/en/products/development-tools/software-development-tools/stm32-software-development-tools/stm32-programmers/stm32cubeprog.html">
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STM32CubeProg</a>
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on STMicroelectronics website, the STM32 Cube Programmer comes with USB
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drivers and a firmware upgrade utility for the ST-Link. It’s a java
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based application with available distribution for Win32, Win64, Mac and Linux.
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There are regular updates to support the latest chipsets. I am currently
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using version v2.17.0.
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<h2>Roadtesting the Bootstrap</h2>
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First I activate the connection in the programmer.
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<pre>
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14:37:31 : STM32CubeProgrammer API v2.17.0 | Windows-64Bits
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14:37:38 : UR connection mode is defined with the HWrst reset mode
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14:37:38 : ST-LINK SN : 55FF6B065177495619420887
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14:37:38 : ST-LINK FW : V2J45S7
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14:37:38 : Board : --
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14:37:38 : Voltage : 3.27V
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14:37:38 : SWD freq : 4000 KHz
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14:37:38 : Connect mode: Hot Plug
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14:37:38 : Reset mode : Software reset
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14:37:38 : Device ID : 0x444
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14:37:38 : Revision ID : Rev 1.0
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14:37:38 : Debug in Low Power mode is not supported for this device.
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14:37:39 : UPLOADING OPTION BYTES DATA ...
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14:37:39 : Bank : 0x00
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14:37:39 : Address : 0x1ffff800
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14:37:39 : Size : 16 Bytes
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14:37:39 : UPLOADING ...
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14:37:39 : Size : 1024 Bytes
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14:37:39 : Address : 0x8000000
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14:37:39 : Read progress:
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14:37:39 : Data read successfully
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14:37:39 : Time elapsed during the read operation is: 00:00:00.007
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</pre>
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Then program and verify the bootstrap code. Either binary, Intel hex or
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Motorola S rec format are supported. Our <b>Makefile</b> as rules for binary
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and Intel hex, <b><i>objcopy</i></b> also support Motorola S record as an output
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format. Last build produced <b>boot.hex</b>.
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<pre>
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14:40:24 : Memory Programming ...
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14:40:24 : Opening and parsing file: boot.hex
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14:40:24 : File : boot.hex
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14:40:24 : Size : 10.00 B
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14:40:24 : Address : 0x08000000
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14:40:24 : Erasing memory corresponding to segment 0:
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14:40:24 : Erasing internal memory sector 0
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14:40:24 : Download in Progress:
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14:40:24 : File download complete
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14:40:24 : Time elapsed during download operation: 00:00:00.130
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14:40:24 : Verifying ...
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14:40:24 : Read progress:
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14:40:24 : Download verified successfully
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14:40:24 : RUNNING Program ...
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14:40:24 : Address: : 0x08000000
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14:40:24 : Application is running, Please Hold on...
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14:40:24 : Start operation achieved successfully
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</pre>
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Finally check the registers in the MCU Core Panel:
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<pre>
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MSP: 0x20001000
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PC: 0x8000008
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</pre>
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After reset, the stack pointer has been initialized and the program
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counter is on the idle loop under execution.
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<p>
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If I check the Programming Manual
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<a href="https://www.st.com/content/st_com/en/search.html#q=PM0215-t=resources-page=1">
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PM0215 <i>STM32F0 series Cortex-M0 programming manual</i></a>, I can
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read the following about the registers <b>MSP</b> and <b>PC</b>:
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<pre>
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Stack pointer (SP) register R13
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In Thread mode, bit[1] of the CONTROL register indicates the stack
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pointer to use:
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● 0: Main Stack Pointer (MSP)(reset value). On reset, the processor
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loads the MSP with the value from address 0x00000000.
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● 1: Process Stack Pointer (PSP).
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Program counter (PC) register R15
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Contains the current program address. On reset, the processor loads the PC
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with the value of the reset vector, which is at address 0x00000004.
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Bit[0] of the value is loaded into the EPSR T-bit at reset and must be 1.
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</pre>
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- According to this, initial values for <b>MSP</b> and <b>PC</b> registers are
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fetched from address <b>0x00000000</b> and <b>0x00000004</b> respectively, but
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I have located the isr table at the beginning of the Flash memory at
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address <b>0x08000000</b>! This works because the memory space at address 0
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is a mirror of another memory area. Which area is mirrored depends of
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the state of the <b>BOOT0</b> pin. On the board I am testing, there is a
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jumper to select either Flash or System memory by setting the state of
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the <b>BOOT0</b> pin to high or low.
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<p>
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- The <b>ESPR T-bit</b>, mentioned in the description of the <b>PC</b>
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register is the Thumb bit. As I highlighted before when I checked the
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output of our first build, bit 0 of the second entry in our isr table is
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set to 1 as requested by this specification.
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<h2>Checkpoint</h2>
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I used the Serial Wire Debug (SWD) interface to flash and debug our bootstrap
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in an actual board using a ST-Link hardware adapter and STM32 Cube Programmer
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application.
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<p>
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<a href="14_ledon.html">Next</a>, I will provide feedback of execution directly
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through the board.
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<hr>© 2020-2024 Renaud Fivet
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</body>
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</html>
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