ubitxv6/ubitx_v6.3.1_code.ino

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/**
* This source file is under General Public License version 3.
*
* This verision uses a built-in Si5351 library
* Most source code are meant to be understood by the compilers and the computers.
* Code that has to be hackable needs to be well understood and properly documented.
* Donald Knuth coined the term Literate Programming to indicate code that is written be
* easily read and understood.
*
* The Raduino is a small board that includes the Arduin Nano, a TFT display and
* an Si5351a frequency synthesizer. This board is manufactured by HF Signals Electronics Pvt Ltd
*
* To learn more about Arduino you may visit www.arduino.cc.
*
* The Arduino works by starts executing the code in a function called setup() and then it
* repeatedly keeps calling loop() forever. All the initialization code is kept in setup()
* and code to continuously sense the tuning knob, the function button, transmit/receive,
* etc is all in the loop() function. If you wish to study the code top down, then scroll
* to the bottom of this file and read your way up.
*
* Below are the libraries to be included for building the Raduino
* The EEPROM library is used to store settings like the frequency memory, caliberation data, etc.
*
* The main chip which generates upto three oscillators of various frequencies in the
* Raduino is the Si5351a. To learn more about Si5351a you can download the datasheet
* from www.silabs.com although, strictly speaking it is not a requirment to understand this code.
* Instead, you can look up the Si5351 library written by xxx, yyy. You can download and
* install it from www.url.com to complile this file.
* The Wire.h library is used to talk to the Si5351 and we also declare an instance of
* Si5351 object to control the clocks.
*/
#include <Wire.h>
#include "settings.h"
#include "ubitx.h"
#include "nano_gui.h"
/**
* The Arduino, unlike C/C++ on a regular computer with gigabytes of RAM, has very little memory.
* We have to be very careful with variables that are declared inside the functions as they are
* created in a memory region called the stack. The stack has just a few bytes of space on the Arduino
* if you declare large strings inside functions, they can easily exceed the capacity of the stack
* and mess up your programs.
* We circumvent this by declaring a few global buffers as kitchen counters where we can
* slice and dice our strings. These strings are mostly used to control the display or handle
* the input and output from the USB port. We must keep a count of the bytes used while reading
* the serial port as we can easily run out of buffer space. This is done in the serial_in_count variable.
*/
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char c[30], b[30];
//during CAT commands, we will freeeze the display until CAT is disengaged
unsigned char doingCAT = 0;
byte menuOn = 0; //set to 1 when the menu is being displayed, if a menu item sets it to zero, the menu is exited
/**
* Below are the basic functions that control the uBitx. Understanding the functions before
* you start hacking around
*/
/**
* Our own delay. During any delay, the raduino should still be processing a few times.
*/
void active_delay(int delay_by){
unsigned long timeStart = millis();
while (millis() - timeStart <= (unsigned long)delay_by) {
delay(10);
//Background Work
checkCAT();
}
}
void saveVFOs()
{
SaveSettingsToEeprom();
}
/**
* Select the properly tx harmonic filters
* The four harmonic filters use only three relays
* the four LPFs cover 30-21 Mhz, 18 - 14 Mhz, 7-10 MHz and 3.5 to 5 Mhz
* Briefly, it works like this,
* - When KT1 is OFF, the 'off' position routes the PA output through the 30 MHz LPF
* - When KT1 is ON, it routes the PA output to KT2. Which is why you will see that
* the KT1 is on for the three other cases.
* - When the KT1 is ON and KT2 is off, the off position of KT2 routes the PA output
* to 18 MHz LPF (That also works for 14 Mhz)
* - When KT1 is On, KT2 is On, it routes the PA output to KT3
* - KT3, when switched on selects the 7-10 Mhz filter
* - KT3 when switched off selects the 3.5-5 Mhz filter
* See the circuit to understand this
*/
void setTXFilters(unsigned long freq){
if (freq > 21000000L){ // the default filter is with 35 MHz cut-off
digitalWrite(TX_LPF_A, 0);
digitalWrite(TX_LPF_B, 0);
digitalWrite(TX_LPF_C, 0);
}
else if (freq >= 14000000L){ //thrown the KT1 relay on, the 30 MHz LPF is bypassed and the 14-18 MHz LPF is allowd to go through
digitalWrite(TX_LPF_A, 1);
digitalWrite(TX_LPF_B, 0);
digitalWrite(TX_LPF_C, 0);
}
else if (freq > 7000000L){
digitalWrite(TX_LPF_A, 0);
digitalWrite(TX_LPF_B, 1);
digitalWrite(TX_LPF_C, 0);
}
else {
digitalWrite(TX_LPF_A, 0);
digitalWrite(TX_LPF_B, 0);
digitalWrite(TX_LPF_C, 1);
}
}
void setTXFilters_v5(unsigned long freq){
if (freq > 21000000L){ // the default filter is with 35 MHz cut-off
digitalWrite(TX_LPF_A, 0);
digitalWrite(TX_LPF_B, 0);
digitalWrite(TX_LPF_C, 0);
}
else if (freq >= 14000000L){ //thrown the KT1 relay on, the 30 MHz LPF is bypassed and the 14-18 MHz LPF is allowd to go through
digitalWrite(TX_LPF_A, 1);
digitalWrite(TX_LPF_B, 0);
digitalWrite(TX_LPF_C, 0);
}
else if (freq > 7000000L){
digitalWrite(TX_LPF_A, 0);
digitalWrite(TX_LPF_B, 1);
digitalWrite(TX_LPF_C, 0);
}
else {
digitalWrite(TX_LPF_A, 0);
digitalWrite(TX_LPF_B, 0);
digitalWrite(TX_LPF_C, 1);
}
}
/**
* This is the most frequently called function that configures the
* radio to a particular frequeny, sideband and sets up the transmit filters
*
* The transmit filter relays are powered up only during the tx so they dont
* draw any current during rx.
*
* The carrier oscillator of the detector/modulator is permanently fixed at
* uppper sideband. The sideband selection is done by placing the second oscillator
* either 12 Mhz below or above the 45 Mhz signal thereby inverting the sidebands
* through mixing of the second local oscillator.
*/
void setFrequency(unsigned long freq){
static const unsigned long firstIF = 45005000L;
setTXFilters(freq);
uint32_t primary_osc_freq;
if(VfoMode_e::VFO_MODE_USB == GetActiveVfoMode()){
primary_osc_freq = firstIF + globalSettings.usbCarrierFreq;
}
else{
primary_osc_freq = firstIF - globalSettings.usbCarrierFreq;
}
uint32_t secondary_osc_freq;
if(TuningMode_e::TUNE_CW == globalSettings.tuningMode){
secondary_osc_freq = firstIF + freq + globalSettings.cwSideToneFreq;
}
else{
secondary_osc_freq = firstIF + freq;
}
si5351bx_setfreq(2, secondary_osc_freq);
si5351bx_setfreq(1, primary_osc_freq);
SetActiveVfoFreq(freq);
}
/**
* startTx is called by the PTT, cw keyer and CAT protocol to
* put the uBitx in tx mode. It takes care of rit settings, sideband settings
* Note: In cw mode, doesnt key the radio, only puts it in tx mode
* CW offest is calculated as lower than the operating frequency when in LSB mode, and vice versa in USB mode
*/
void startTx(TuningMode_e tx_mode){
globalSettings.tuningMode = tx_mode;
if (globalSettings.ritOn){
//save the current as the rx frequency
uint32_t rit_tx_freq = globalSettings.ritFrequency;
globalSettings.ritFrequency = GetActiveVfoFreq();
setFrequency(rit_tx_freq);
}
else{
if(globalSettings.splitOn){
if(Vfo_e::VFO_B == globalSettings.activeVfo){
globalSettings.activeVfo = Vfo_e::VFO_A;
}
else{
globalSettings.activeVfo = Vfo_e::VFO_B;
}
}
setFrequency(GetActiveVfoFreq());
}
if(TuningMode_e::TUNE_CW == globalSettings.tuningMode){
//turn off the second local oscillator and the bfo
si5351bx_setfreq(0, 0);
si5351bx_setfreq(1, 0);
//shift the first oscillator to the tx frequency directly
//the key up and key down will toggle the carrier unbalancing
//the exact cw frequency is the tuned frequency + sidetone
if(VfoMode_e::VFO_MODE_USB == GetActiveVfoMode()){
si5351bx_setfreq(2, GetActiveVfoFreq() + globalSettings.cwSideToneFreq);
}
else{
si5351bx_setfreq(2, GetActiveVfoFreq() - globalSettings.cwSideToneFreq);
}
delay(20);
}
digitalWrite(TX_RX, 1);//turn on the tx
globalSettings.txActive = true;
drawTx();
}
void stopTx(){
digitalWrite(TX_RX, 0);//turn off the tx
globalSettings.txActive = false;
//set back the carrier oscillator - cw tx switches it off
si5351bx_setfreq(0, globalSettings.usbCarrierFreq);
if(globalSettings.ritOn){
uint32_t rit_rx_freq = globalSettings.ritFrequency;
globalSettings.ritFrequency = GetActiveVfoFreq();
setFrequency(rit_rx_freq);
}
else{
if(globalSettings.splitOn){
if(Vfo_e::VFO_B == globalSettings.activeVfo){
globalSettings.activeVfo = Vfo_e::VFO_A;
}
else{
globalSettings.activeVfo = Vfo_e::VFO_B;
}
}
setFrequency(GetActiveVfoFreq());
}
drawTx();
}
/**
* ritEnable is called with a frequency parameter that determines
* what the tx frequency will be
*/
void ritEnable(unsigned long freq){
globalSettings.ritOn = true;
//save the non-rit frequency back into the VFO memory
//as RIT is a temporary shift, this is not saved to EEPROM
globalSettings.ritFrequency = freq;
}
// this is called by the RIT menu routine
void ritDisable(){
if(globalSettings.ritOn){
globalSettings.ritOn = false;
setFrequency(globalSettings.ritFrequency);
updateDisplay();
}
}
/**
* Basic User Interface Routines. These check the front panel for any activity
*/
/**
* The PTT is checked only if we are not already in a cw transmit session
* If the PTT is pressed, we shift to the ritbase if the rit was on
* flip the T/R line to T and update the display to denote transmission
*/
void checkPTT(){
//we don't check for ptt when transmitting cw
if (globalSettings.cwExpirationTimeMs > 0){
return;
}
if(digitalRead(PTT) == 0 && !globalSettings.txActive){
startTx(TuningMode_e::TUNE_SSB);
active_delay(50); //debounce the PTT
}
if (digitalRead(PTT) == 1 && globalSettings.txActive)
stopTx();
}
//check if the encoder button was pressed
void checkButton(){
int i, t1, t2, knob, new_knob;
//only if the button is pressed
if (!btnDown())
return;
active_delay(50);
if (!btnDown()) //debounce
return;
//disengage any CAT work
doingCAT = 0;
int downTime = 0;
while(btnDown()){
active_delay(10);
downTime++;
if (downTime > 300){
doSetup2();
return;
}
}
active_delay(100);
doCommands();
//wait for the button to go up again
while(btnDown())
active_delay(10);
active_delay(50);//debounce
}
void switchVFO(Vfo_e new_vfo){
ritDisable();//If we are in RIT mode, we need to disable it before setting the active VFO so that the correct VFO gets it's frequency restored
globalSettings.activeVfo = new_vfo;
setFrequency(GetActiveVfoFreq());
redrawVFOs();
saveVFOs();
}
/**
* The tuning jumps by 50 Hz on each step when you tune slowly
* As you spin the encoder faster, the jump size also increases
* This way, you can quickly move to another band by just spinning the
* tuning knob
*/
void doTuning(){
static unsigned long prev_freq;
static unsigned long nextFrequencyUpdate = 0;
unsigned long now = millis();
if (now >= nextFrequencyUpdate && prev_freq != GetActiveVfoFreq()){
updateDisplay();
nextFrequencyUpdate = now + 100;
prev_freq = GetActiveVfoFreq();
}
int s = enc_read();
if (!s)
return;
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//Serial.println(s);
doingCAT = 0; // go back to manual mode if you were doing CAT
prev_freq = GetActiveVfoFreq();
uint32_t new_freq = prev_freq;
if (s > 10 || s < -10){
new_freq += 200L * s;
}
else if (s > 5 || s < -5){
new_freq += 100L * s;
}
else{
new_freq += 50L * s;
}
//Transition from below to above the traditional threshold for USB
if(prev_freq < THRESHOLD_USB_LSB && new_freq >= THRESHOLD_USB_LSB){
SetActiveVfoMode(VfoMode_e::VFO_MODE_USB);
}
//Transition from aboveo to below the traditional threshold for USB
if(prev_freq >= THRESHOLD_USB_LSB && new_freq < THRESHOLD_USB_LSB){
SetActiveVfoMode(VfoMode_e::VFO_MODE_LSB);
}
setFrequency(new_freq);
}
/**
* RIT only steps back and forth by 100 hz at a time
*/
void doRIT(){
int knob = enc_read();
uint32_t old_freq = GetActiveVfoFreq();
uint32_t new_freq = old_freq;
if (knob < 0)
new_freq -= 100l;
else if (knob > 0)
new_freq += 100;
if (old_freq != new_freq){
setFrequency(new_freq);
updateDisplay();
}
}
/**
* The settings are read from EEPROM. The first time around, the values may not be
* present or out of range, in this case, some intelligent defaults are copied into the
* variables.
*/
void initSettings(){
LoadDefaultSettings();
LoadSettingsFromEeprom();
}
void initPorts(){
analogReference(DEFAULT);
//??
pinMode(ENC_A, INPUT_PULLUP);
pinMode(ENC_B, INPUT_PULLUP);
pinMode(FBUTTON, INPUT_PULLUP);
enc_setup();
//configure the function button to use the external pull-up
// pinMode(FBUTTON, INPUT);
// digitalWrite(FBUTTON, HIGH);
pinMode(PTT, INPUT_PULLUP);
// pinMode(ANALOG_KEYER, INPUT_PULLUP);
pinMode(CW_TONE, OUTPUT);
digitalWrite(CW_TONE, 0);
pinMode(TX_RX,OUTPUT);
digitalWrite(TX_RX, 0);
pinMode(TX_LPF_A, OUTPUT);
pinMode(TX_LPF_B, OUTPUT);
pinMode(TX_LPF_C, OUTPUT);
digitalWrite(TX_LPF_A, 0);
digitalWrite(TX_LPF_B, 0);
digitalWrite(TX_LPF_C, 0);
pinMode(CW_KEY, OUTPUT);
digitalWrite(CW_KEY, 0);
}
void setup()
{
Serial.begin(38400);
Serial.flush();
initSettings();
displayInit();
initPorts();
initOscillators();
setFrequency(globalSettings.vfoA.frequency);
//Run initial calibration routine if button is pressed during power up
if(btnDown()){
setupTouch();
SetActiveVfoMode(VfoMode_e::VFO_MODE_USB);
setFrequency(10000000l);
setupFreq();
SetActiveVfoMode(VfoMode_e::VFO_MODE_LSB);
setFrequency(7100000l);
setupBFO();
}
guiUpdate();
}
/**
* The loop checks for keydown, ptt, function button and tuning.
*/
void loop(){
if(TuningMode_e::TUNE_CW == globalSettings.tuningMode){
cwKeyer();
}
else if(!globalSettings.txCatActive){
checkPTT();
}
checkButton();
//tune only when not tranmsitting
if(!globalSettings.txActive){
if(globalSettings.ritOn){
doRIT();
}
else{
doTuning();
}
checkTouch();
}
checkCAT();
}