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314 lines
15 KiB
314 lines
15 KiB
''''''''''''''''
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' Let's see if we can make us some 3D graphics! In Basic, Hehe.
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DECLARE FUNCTION maxval% (v1%, v2%, limit%)
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DECLARE FUNCTION minval% (v1%, v2%, v3%)
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DECLARE SUB hline (x1%, x2%, y%, c%)
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DECLARE FUNCTION min% (v1%, v2%, v3%)
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DECLARE FUNCTION max% (v1%, v2%, v3%)
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DECLARE SUB pal ()
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DECLARE SUB pixel (x%, y%, c%)
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DEFINT A-Z 'set default var type to int 'cos it's my fav.
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'$STATIC 'use static arrays
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CLS 'clear the screen. duh
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SCREEN 13 'initialize screen mode 13 (0x013 (19) 4 real)
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CONST SCRX = 320 'sort of like #define so I can use SCRX/Y instead
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CONST SCRY = 200 'of the actual #'s in case the width changes, etc.
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CONST CLRS = 255 'ditto w/ color depth
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CONST HLFX = 160 'half the screen width
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CONST HLFY = 100 'half screen height (both use lots, should save calc.)
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CONST PI = 3.141592654# 'close enuf
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CONST VIEWRANGE = 16 'how far before fade to blackness
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CONST MSZE = 16 'size of the map (x & y are = )
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CONST MHGT = 4 'height of random mountains (TEMP)
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CONST MININT = -32768 'lowest possible integer
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CONST CONTRAST = 20 'multiplied by light values
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CONST AMBIENT = 50 'added to light values
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LOCATE 1, 1: COLOR 200: PRINT "Loading"
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' make lookup-tables
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DIM sine(0 TO 255) AS SINGLE
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DIM cosine(0 TO 255) AS SINGLE
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FOR i = 0 TO 255
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sine(i) = SIN(i) * PI / 200 'Convert rad to "hex"
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cosine(i) = COS(i) * PI / 200 'Convert rad to "hex"
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NEXT i
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'Note to self: REMEMBER I'm using "hexians" (256) NOT degrees (360)
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'Layout of the landscape. . . just some random sample data for now!
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DIM land(1 TO MSZE, 1 TO MSZE) AS INTEGER 'array containing landscape
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RANDOMIZE TIMER 'use timer to seed random
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'# generator
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FOR x = 1 TO MSZE
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FOR y = 1 TO MSZE
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land(x, y) = INT(RND * MHGT) 'fill w/ random data
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NEXT y
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NEXT x
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'make a variable to hold edge buffers
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TYPE edge
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ls AS INTEGER
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rs AS INTEGER
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END TYPE
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DIM edge(0 TO SCRY) AS edge
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'. . . and make an gradiant green palette
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OUT &H3C8, 0 ' tell port whole palette is coming (otherwise # of color)
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FOR i = 0 TO 255
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OUT &H3C9, 0 'red
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OUT &H3C9, INT(i / 4) 'green
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OUT &H3C9, 0 'blue
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'Hahaha! I'll never use THIS command again,
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'PALETTE i, INT(i / 4) * 256
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NEXT i
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' Initialize the player variale to hold info on player position
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TYPE spot
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x AS INTEGER 'x runs horizontally to player (pitch)
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y AS INTEGER 'y runs out from player (roll)
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z AS INTEGER 'z runs up and down (yaw) aka altitude
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'I know these are not std. but they fit better w/ the flat map
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END TYPE
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DIM pov AS spot
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DIM currentpoint AS spot ' used w/i the program loop
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pov.x = 8
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pov.y = -8
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pov.z = 7
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'temp
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DIM points(1 TO MSZE, 1 TO MSZE) AS spot'uses x and y as screen co-ords & z as
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'distance
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DIM ver(1 TO 3) AS spot 'vertex: used for drawing polygons, x
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'and y are co-ords & z is color
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DIM tmp(1 TO 3) AS spot 'used w/ ver for sorting
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BEEP
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CLS
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DO
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a$ = INKEY$
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SELECT CASE a$
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CASE "a": pov.x = pov.x + 1: CLS
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CASE "d": pov.x = pov.x - 1: CLS
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CASE "w": pov.y = pov.y + 1: CLS
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CASE "s": pov.y = pov.y - 1: CLS
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CASE "e": pov.z = pov.z + 1: CLS
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CASE "c": pov.z = pov.z - 1: CLS
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CASE CHR$(27): SYSTEM
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END SELECT
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FOR x = 1 TO MSZE
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FOR y = 1 TO MSZE
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'in front of us
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rely = y - pov.y
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relx = x - pov.x
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relz = land(x, y) - pov.z
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IF rely > 0 AND ABS(relx) <= rely AND ABS(relz) <= rely THEN
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points(x, y).y = HLFY - relz * HLFY / rely
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points(x, y).x = HLFX - relx * HLFX / rely
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'a^3 = b^3 + c^3 + d^3 to find z (pixel dist.)
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points(x, y).z = (ABS(relz) ^ 3 + ABS(rely) ^ 3 + ABS(relx) ^ 3) ^ (1 / 3)
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ELSE points(x, y).z = -1
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IF points(x, y).y < 0 OR points(x, y).y > SCRY OR points(x, y).x < 0 OR points(x, y).x > SCRX OR points(x, y).z > VIEWRANGE THEN points(x, y).z = -1
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END IF
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NEXT y
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NEXT x
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FOR y = MSZE - 1 TO 1 STEP -1
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FOR x = MSZE - 1 TO 1 STEP -1
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'if the current point has not been flagged as offscreen, out of FOV, or not w/i range of VIEWRANGE (z=-1)
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IF points(x, y).z >= 0 THEN
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'seperate into two triangles
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FOR p = 0 TO 1
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'get points of tri.
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IF p = 0 THEN
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ver(1).x = points(x, y).x: ver(1).y = points(x, y).y: ver(1).z = points(x, y).z
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ver(2).x = points(x, y + 1).x: ver(2).y = points(x, y + 1).y: ver(2).z = points(x, y + 1).z
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ver(3).x = points(x + 1, y + 1).x: ver(3).y = points(x + 1, y + 1).y: ver(3).z = points(x + 1, y + 1).z
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ELSE
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'sides 1 & 3 are reversed so will be
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'in same rotational order (this could
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'be more efficient - swap lables)
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ver(3).x = points(x, y).x: ver(3).y = points(x, y).y: ver(3).z = points(x, y).z
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ver(1).x = points(x + 1, y + 1).x: ver(1).y = points(x + 1, y + 1).y: ver(1).z = points(x + 1, y + 1).z
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'side 2 is other corner of square
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ver(2).x = points(x + 1, y).x: ver(2).y = points(x + 1, y).y: ver(2).z = points(x + 1, y).z
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END IF
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'translate tri. so ver[1] is origin
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'of tmp, w/ V2 & V3 as vectors
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tmp(2).x = ver(2).x - ver(1).x
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tmp(2).y = ver(2).y - ver(1).y
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tmp(3).x = ver(3).x - ver(1).x
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tmp(3).y = ver(3).y - ver(1).y
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'if we are facing the polygon (uses
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'vectors to find if c.clockwise)
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IF tmp(2).x * tmp(3).y < tmp(3).x * tmp(2).y THEN
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'sort ver[] tp-bt
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GOSUB sort
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'find tri. height
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dy = ver(1).y - ver(3).y
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'delta-y for short side 1
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dy1 = ver(1).y - ver(2).y
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'slope of long side
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m! = (ver(3).x - ver(1).x) / dy
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'find width at middle
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midwidth = ver(2).x - (ver(1).x + (m! * dy1))
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'if long side is on the left
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'IF midwidth > 1 THEN
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'if width is big enough to see
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IF ABS(midwidth) > 1 THEN
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'if height is big enough to see
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IF dy > 1 THEN
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'delta-y of short side 2
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dy2 = ver(2).y - ver(3).y
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'slope of short side 1 (clause prevents div by 0)
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IF ABS(dy1) > 0 THEN m1! = (ver(2).x - ver(1).x) / dy1
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'slope of short side 2 (clause prevents division by 0)
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IF ABS(dy2) > 0 THEN m2! = (ver(3).x - ver(2).x) / dy2
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'calculate the color
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'colr = points(x, y).y - points(x + 1, y + 1).y + 30'VIEWRANGE - ver(1).z + 20
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IF p = 0 THEN
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colr = (land(x, y + 1) - (land(x, y) + land(x + 1, y + 1)) / 2) * CONTRAST + AMBIENT
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ELSE
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colr = ((land(x, y) + land(x + 1, y + 1)) / 2 - land(x + 1, y)) * CONTRAST + AMBIENT
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END IF
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FOR h = 0 TO dy
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ypos = ver(1).y - h
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IF h <= dy1 THEN
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LINE (ver(1).x + (m! * h), ypos)-(ver(1).x + (m1! * h), ypos), colr
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'xa = ver(1).x + (m! * h)
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'xb = ver(1).x + (m1! * h)
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'x1 = minval(xa, xb, 0)
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'x2 = maxval(xa, xb, SCRX)
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'hline x1, x2, ypos, colr
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ELSE
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LINE (ver(1).x + (m! * h), ypos)-(ver(2).x + (m2! * (h - dy1)), ypos), colr
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'xa = ver(1).x + (m! * h)
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'xb = ver(2).x + (m2! * h)
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'x1 = minval(xa, xb, 0)
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'x2 = maxval(xa, xb, SCRX)
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'hline x1, x2, ypos, colr
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END IF
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NEXT h
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END IF
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END IF
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'END IF
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'if long side is on the right
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'IF midwidth < -1 THEN
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'END IF
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'else is too thin to see
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'LINE (ver(1).x, ver(1).y)-(ver(2).x, ver(2).y), 255'VIEWRANGE - ver(1).z
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'LINE (ver(2).x, ver(2).y)-(ver(3).x, ver(3).y), 255'VIEWRANGE - ver(1).z
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'LINE (ver(3).x, ver(3).y)-(ver(1).x, ver(1).y), 255'VIEWRANGE - ver(1).z
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END IF
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NEXT p
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END IF
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NEXT x
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NEXT y
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LOOP
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sort:
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'assign tmp the values of ver
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FOR i = 1 TO 3
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tmp(i).x = ver(i).x
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tmp(i).y = ver(i).y
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tmp(i).z = ver(i).z
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NEXT i
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'order them top to bottom [1st pnt]
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flag = max(tmp(1).y, tmp(2).y, tmp(3).y)
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'used to skip 3rd calculation
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topflag = flag
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'assign values to the first vertex
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ver(1).x = tmp(flag).x: ver(1).y = tmp(flag).y: ver(1).z = tmp(flag).z
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'make y lowest possible # 4 further compares
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tmp(flag).y = MININT
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'order top-bottom 2 (prev. top is now -32768)
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flag = max(tmp(1).y, tmp(2).y, tmp(3).y)
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'add to flag to find which of 3 is not used
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topflag = topflag + flag
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'assign values to the 2nd vertex
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ver(2).x = tmp(flag).x: ver(2).y = tmp(flag).y: ver(2).z = tmp(flag).z
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'use topflag to find last point in order
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SELECT CASE topflag
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CASE 3 'used 1 & 2
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flag = 3
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CASE 4 'used 1 & 3
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flag = 2
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CASE 5 'used 2 & 3
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flag = 1
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CASE ELSE 'just in case
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BEEP
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flag = 1
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END SELECT
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'assign values to the 3rd vertex
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ver(3).x = tmp(flag).x: ver(3).y = tmp(flag).y: ver(3).z = tmp(flag).z
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RETURN
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SUB hline (x1, x2, y, c)
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FOR i = x1 TO x2
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pixel i, y, c
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NEXT i
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END SUB
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''''''''''''''''
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' Returns 1, 2, or 3, depending on which value: 1st, 2nd, or 3d is largest
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FUNCTION max (v1, v2, v3)
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r = 0
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IF v1 >= v2 AND v1 >= v3 THEN r = 1
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IF v2 >= v1 AND v2 >= v3 THEN r = 2
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IF v3 >= v2 AND v3 >= v1 THEN r = 3
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max = r
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END FUNCTION
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''''''''''''''''
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' Returns the largest of the three values passed to it w/i limit
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FUNCTION maxval (v1, v2, limit)
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r = 0
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IF v1 >= v2 THEN r = v1
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IF v2 >= v1 THEN r = v2
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IF r > limit THEN r = limit
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maxval = r
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END FUNCTION
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''''''''''''''''
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' Returns the smallest of the three values passed to it w/i limit
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FUNCTION minval (v1, v2, limit)
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r = 0
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IF v1 <= v2 THEN r = v1
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IF v2 <= v1 THEN r = v2
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IF r < limit THEN r = limit
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minval = r
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END FUNCTION
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'This SUB does the same thing as PSET only by writing directly to the video
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'memory which *should* be much faster (Muahahaha!)
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'
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SUB pixel (x, y, c)
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DEF SEG = &HA000 'A000h is where the video mem. starts in mode
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'13h, which we're using
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IF x < 0 OR x > SCRX THEN EXIT SUB 'make sure x is on the screen
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IF y < 0 OR y > SCRY THEN EXIT SUB 'make sure y is on the screen
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'(We do NOT want to be writing directly into
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'memory somewhere we're not supposed to!)
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IF c < 0 OR c > CLRS THEN EXIT SUB 'make sure c is w/i the color palette
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y& = y 'needed to prevent overflow (where's an
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'unsigned int when you need it?)
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POKE y& * SCRX + x, c 'put c into the right spot offset from A000h
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'(pixels go lt-rt, tp-bt in a linear fashion)
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END SUB
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