runtime(java): Recognise the inline kind of the {@return} tag (#14284)

Also:

- Refine comment matching (javaComment{Error\ and,Start}).
- Continue rewriting regexps (prefer atom grouping with
  non-capturing parens; factor out common prefixes in
  alternations).
- Allow for relative paths with the _file_ attribute of
  {@snippet}.
- Anticipate HTML in the @see tags.
- Match the nullary method parens in javaDocSeeTagParam.
- Improve the boundary patterns for summary sentences of
  documentation.

> This sentence ends at ... or at the first tag (as defined
> below).

There are Java documentation tags (@) and there are HTML
tags (<?>) (with Markdown looming large; see JEP 467).  With
block tags, e.g. @param, @return, @see, we begin another
documentation "sentence" whether or not the author has
terminated the summary sentence with a period; with
.<!-- -->, we may follow abbreviations, enumerations,
initials, (but instead consider @literal or &nbsp;) _within_
the summary sentence.  On the other hand, inline tags, e.g.
@code, @link, @literal, should not terminate the summary
sentence.

References:
https://bugs.openjdk.org/browse/JDK-8075778
https://www.oracle.com/technical-resources/articles/java/javadoc-tool.html#firstsentence
https://docs.oracle.com/en/java/javase/21/docs/specs/javadoc/doc-comment-spec.html


Signed-off-by: Aliaksei Budavei <0x000c70@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Christian Brabandt <cb@256bit.org>

runtime/syntax/java.vim

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 " Language:	Java
 " Maintainer:	Claudio Fleiner <claudio@fleiner.com>
 " URL:          https://github.com/fleiner/vim/blob/master/runtime/syntax/java.vim
-" Last Change:	2024 Mar 22
+" Last Change:	2024 Mar 24
 
 " Please check :help java.vim for comments on some of the options available.
 
@@ -191,17 +191,20 @@ if exists("java_comment_strings")
   syn cluster javaCommentSpecial2 add=javaComment2String,javaCommentCharacter,javaNumber,javaStrTempl
 endif
 
-syn region  javaComment		start="/\*" end="\*/" contains=@javaCommentSpecial,javaTodo,javaSpaceError,@Spell
+syn region  javaComment		matchgroup=javaCommentStart start="/\*" end="\*/" contains=@javaCommentSpecial,javaTodo,javaCommentError,javaSpaceError,@Spell
 syn match   javaCommentStar	 contained "^\s*\*[^/]"me=e-1
 syn match   javaCommentStar	 contained "^\s*\*$"
 syn match   javaLineComment	"//.*" contains=@javaCommentSpecial2,javaTodo,javaCommentMarkupTag,javaSpaceError,@Spell
-syn match   javaCommentMarkupTag contained "@\%(end\|highlight\|link\|replace\|start\)\>" nextgroup=javaCommentMarkupTagAttr skipwhite
+syn match   javaCommentMarkupTag contained "@\%(end\|highlight\|link\|replace\|start\)\>" nextgroup=javaCommentMarkupTagAttr,javaSpaceError skipwhite
-syn match   javaCommentMarkupTagAttr contained "\<region\>" nextgroup=javaCommentMarkupTagAttr skipwhite
+syn match   javaCommentMarkupTagAttr contained "\<region\>" nextgroup=javaCommentMarkupTagAttr,javaSpaceError skipwhite
-syn region  javaCommentMarkupTagAttr contained transparent matchgroup=htmlArg start=/\<\%(re\%(gex\|gion\|placement\)\|substring\|t\%(arget\|ype\)\)\%(\s*=\)\@=/ matchgroup=htmlString end=/\%(=\s*\)\@<=\%("[^"]\+"\|'[^']\+'\|\%([.-]\|\k\)\+\)/ nextgroup=javaCommentMarkupTagAttr skipwhite oneline
+syn region  javaCommentMarkupTagAttr contained transparent matchgroup=htmlArg start=/\<\%(re\%(gex\|gion\|placement\)\|substring\|t\%(arget\|ype\)\)\%(\s*=\)\@=/ matchgroup=htmlString end=/\%(=\s*\)\@<=\%("[^"]\+"\|'[^']\+'\|\%([.-]\|\k\)\+\)/ nextgroup=javaCommentMarkupTagAttr,javaSpaceError skipwhite oneline
 hi def link javaCommentMarkupTagAttr htmlArg
 hi def link javaCommentString javaString
 hi def link javaComment2String javaString
 hi def link javaCommentCharacter javaCharacter
+syn match   javaCommentError contained "/\*"me=e-1 display
+hi def link javaCommentError javaError
+hi def link javaCommentStart javaComment
 
 syn cluster javaTop add=javaComment,javaLineComment
 
@@ -215,17 +218,18 @@ if !exists("java_ignore_javadoc") && main_syntax != 'jsp'
   " here.
   syntax spell default
 
-  syn region javaDocComment	start="/\*\*" end="\*/" keepend contains=javaCommentTitle,@javaHtml,javaDocTags,javaDocSeeTag,javaDocCodeTag,javaDocSnippetTag,javaTodo,javaSpaceError,@Spell
+  syn region javaDocComment	start="/\*\*" end="\*/" keepend contains=javaCommentTitle,@javaHtml,javaDocTags,javaDocSeeTag,javaDocCodeTag,javaDocSnippetTag,javaTodo,javaCommentError,javaSpaceError,@Spell
-  syn region javaCommentTitle	contained matchgroup=javaDocComment start="/\*\*" matchgroup=javaCommentTitle keepend end="\.$" end="\.[ \t\r<&]"me=e-1 end="[^{]@"me=s-2,he=s-1 end="\*/"me=s-1,he=s-1 contains=@javaHtml,javaCommentStar,javaTodo,javaSpaceError,@Spell,javaDocTags,javaDocSeeTag,javaDocCodeTag,javaDocSnippetTag
+  syn region javaCommentTitle	contained matchgroup=javaDocComment start="/\*\*" matchgroup=javaCommentTitle end="\.$" end="\.[ \t\r]\@=" end="\%(^\s*\**\s*\)\@<=@"me=s-2,he=s-1 end="\*/"me=s-1,he=s-1 contains=@javaHtml,javaCommentStar,javaTodo,javaCommentError,javaSpaceError,@Spell,javaDocTags,javaDocSeeTag,javaDocCodeTag,javaDocSnippetTag
+  syn region javaCommentTitle	contained matchgroup=javaDocComment start="/\*\*\s*\r\=\n\=\s*\**\s*\%({@return\>\)\@=" matchgroup=javaCommentTitle end="}\%(\s*\.*\)*" contains=@javaHtml,javaCommentStar,javaTodo,javaCommentError,javaSpaceError,@Spell,javaDocTags,javaDocSeeTag,javaDocCodeTag,javaDocSnippetTag
   syn region javaDocTags	contained start="{@\%(li\%(teral\|nk\%(plain\)\=\)\|inherit[Dd]oc\|doc[rR]oot\|value\)\>" end="}"
-  syn match  javaDocTags	 contained "@\(param\|exception\|throws\|since\)\s\+\S\+" contains=javaDocParam
+  syn match  javaDocTags	contained "@\%(param\|exception\|throws\|since\)\s\+\S\+" contains=javaDocParam
   syn match  javaDocParam	contained "\s\S\+"
-  syn match  javaDocTags	 contained "@\(version\|author\|return\|deprecated\|serial\|serialField\|serialData\)\>"
+  syn match  javaDocTags	contained "@\%(version\|author\|return\|deprecated\|serial\%(Field\|Data\)\=\)\>"
   syn region javaDocSeeTag	contained matchgroup=javaDocTags start="@see\s\+" matchgroup=NONE end="\_."re=e-1 contains=javaDocSeeTagParam
-  syn match  javaDocSeeTagParam  contained @"\_[^"]\+"\|<a\s\+\_.\{-}</a>\|\(\k\|\.\)*\(#\k\+\((\_[^)]\+)\)\=\)\=@ extend
+  syn match  javaDocSeeTagParam	contained @"\_[^"]\+"\|<a\s\+\_.\{-}</a>\|\%(\k\|\.\)*\%(#\k\+\%((\_[^)]*)\)\=\)\=@ contains=@javaHtml extend
   syn region javaCodeSkipBlock	contained transparent start="{\%(@code\>\)\@!" end="}" contains=javaCodeSkipBlock,javaDocCodeTag
   syn region javaDocCodeTag	contained start="{@code\>" end="}" contains=javaDocCodeTag,javaCodeSkipBlock
-  syn region javaDocSnippetTagAttr contained transparent matchgroup=htmlArg start=/\<\%(class\|file\|id\|lang\|region\)\%(\s*=\)\@=/ matchgroup=htmlString end=/:$/ end=/\%(=\s*\)\@<=\%("[^"]\+"\|'[^']\+'\|\%([.-]\|\k\)\+\)/ nextgroup=javaDocSnippetTagAttr skipwhite skipnl
+  syn region javaDocSnippetTagAttr contained transparent matchgroup=htmlArg start=/\<\%(class\|file\|id\|lang\|region\)\%(\s*=\)\@=/ matchgroup=htmlString end=/:$/ end=/\%(=\s*\)\@<=\%("[^"]\+"\|'[^']\+'\|\%([.\\/-]\|\k\)\+\)/ nextgroup=javaDocSnippetTagAttr skipwhite skipnl
   syn region javaSnippetSkipBlock contained transparent start="{\%(@snippet\>\)\@!" end="}" contains=javaSnippetSkipBlock,javaDocSnippetTag,javaCommentMarkupTag
   syn region javaDocSnippetTag	contained start="{@snippet\>" end="}" contains=javaDocSnippetTag,javaSnippetSkipBlock,javaDocSnippetTagAttr,javaCommentMarkupTag
   syntax case match
@@ -367,6 +371,13 @@ endif
 if !exists("java_minlines")
   let java_minlines = 10
 endif
+
+" Note that variations of a /*/ balanced comment, e.g., /*/*/, /*//*/,
+" /* /*/, /*  /*/, etc., may have their rightmost /*/ part accepted
+" as a comment start by ':syntax sync ccomment'; consider alternatives
+" to make synchronisation start further towards file's beginning by
+" bumping up g:java_minlines or issuing ':syntax sync fromstart' or
+" preferring &foldmethod set to 'syntax'.
 exec "syn sync ccomment javaComment minlines=" . java_minlines
 
 " The default highlighting.

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@@ -1,20 +1,20 @@
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runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/java_comments_01.dump

@@ -1,20 +1,20 @@
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runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/java_comments_02.dump

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runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/java_comments_03.dump

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runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/java_comments_04.dump

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runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/java_comments_99.dump

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-| +0#0000e05&@4|*| +0#ffffff16#ff404010| +0#0000e05#ffffff0|{+0#e000e06&|@|s|n|i|p@1|e|t| |l+0#00e0003&|a|n|g|=+0#e000e06&|"+0#e000002&|j|a|v|a|"|:+0#e000e06&| +0#0000000&@44
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-@4|/+0#0000e05&@1| |@+0#0000000&|s|t|a|r|t| +0#0000e05&|r+0#00e0003&|e|g|i|o|n| +0#0000e05&|=| |m+0#e000002&|a|i|n| +0#0000000&@47
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-@4|/+0#0000e05&@1| |@+0#0000000&|e|n|d| @63
+@4|/+0#0000e05&@1| |@+0#0000000&|e|n|d| +0#ffffff16#ff404010| +0#0000000#ffffff0@62
+@75
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+|-|3|.|h|t|m|l|#|j|l|s|-|3|.|1|0|.|5|"|>+0#00e0e07&|3+8#e000e06&|.|1|0|.|5| |S|t|r|i|n|g| |L|i|t|e|r|a|l|s|<+0#00e0e07&|/|a+0#af5f00255&|>+0#00e0e07&| +0#0000000&@28
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+@4|/+0#0000e05&@1| |@+0#0000000&|r|e|p|l|a|c|e| +0#0000e05&|s+0#00e0003&|u|b|s|t|r|i|n|g| +0#0000e05&|=| |'+0#e000002&|"@1|'| +0#0000e05&|r+0#00e0003&|e|p|l|a|c|e|m|e|n|t| +0#0000e05&|=| |"+0#e000002&|\|u|0@1|2@1|\|u|0@1|2@1|"| +0#0000000&@13
+@4|/+0#0000e05&@1| |@+0#0000000&|l|i|n|k| +0#0000e05&|r+0#00e0003&|e|g|e|x| +0#0000e05&|=| |'+0#e000002&|\|b|S|t|r|i|n|g|'| +0#0000e05&|t+0#00e0003&|a|r|g|e|t| +0#0000e05&|=| |j+0#e000002&|a|v|a|.|l|a|n|g|.|S|t|r|i|n|g| +0#0000e05&|t+0#00e0003&|y|p|e| +0#0000e05&|=| |l+0#e000002&|i|n|k|p|l|a|i|n| +0#0000e05&
+|:| +0#0000000&@73
+@4|@+0#e000e06&|O|v|e|r@1|i|d|e| +0#0000000&|p+0#00e0003&|u|b|l|i|c| +0#0000000&|S|t|r|i|n|g| |t|o|S|t|r|i|n|g|(|)| |{| |r+0#af5f00255&|e|t|u|r|n| +0#0000000&|"+0#e000002&@1|;+0#0000000&| |}| @21
+@4|/+0#0000e05&@1| |@+0#0000000&|e|n|d| +0#ffffff16#ff404010| +0#0000000#ffffff0@62
 >}| @73
-@57|2|5|,|1| @9|B|o|t| 
+@57|9|0|,|1| @9|B|o|t| 

runtime/syntax/testdir/input/java_comments.java

@@ -1,11 +1,68 @@
 // VIM_TEST_SETUP unlet! g:java_ignore_javadoc g:java_no_trail_space_error
 // VIM_TEST_SETUP unlet! g:java_no_tab_space_error
 // VIM_TEST_SETUP let [g:java_space_errors,g:java_comment_strings] = [1,1]
-// 	VIM_TEST_SETUP setlocal spell
+// VIM_TEST_SETUP setlocal spell | highlight link javaCommentStart Todo
+
+
+
+
+/**/ /*/ */ /* /*/ /*/*/ /*//*/ /** Comment tests.
+ * <p>There is no entry point method {@code main}:
+ * {@snippet file = Snippets.java region = main id = _01}
+ * <p>There is no textual representation:
+ * {@snippet class = Snippets region = toString id = _02} */
 class CommentsTests
+{
+	/** No-op, i. e. no operation.
+	* ({@literal@literal} may be used with {@code .} for contraction.)
+	* @return {@code null} */
+	Void noOp1() { return null; }
+
+	/** No-op, i.e. no operation.
+	* ({@literal<!-- -->} may be used after {@code .} for contraction.)
+	* @return {@code null} */
+	Void noOp2() { return null; }
+
+	/** No-op, i.e\u002e no operation.
+	* ({@literal\u005cu002e} is processed early, use alternatives.)
+	* @return {@code null} */
+	Void noOp3() { return null; }
+
+	/** No-op, i.e{@literal .} no operation.
+	* @return {@code null} */
+	Void noOp4() { return null; }
+
+	/** No-op, i.e.<!-- --> no operation.
+	* @return {@code null} */
+	Void noOp5() { return null; }
+
+	/** No-op, i.e.&nbsp;no operation.
+	* @return {@code null} */
+	Void noOp6() { return null; }
+
+	/** {@return {@code null}, with no-op, i.e. no operation} */
+	Void noOp7() { return null; }
+
+	/** {@return {@code null}, with no-op, i.e. no operation}.. */
+	Void noOp8() { return null; }
+
+	/** {@return {@code null}, with no-op, i.e. no operation} . . */
+	Void noOp9() { return null; }
+
+	/** Returns an empty string for an @Override annotated method
+	* (see Chapter 9.6.4.4 {@literal @Override} in a Java Language
+	* Specification) overridden from <code>java.lang.Object</code>
+	*
+	* @return an empty string */// No period for the above summary!
+	@Override public String toString() { return ""; }
+}
+
+// javadoc --snippet-path . --source-path . -d /tmp/doc/ -package \
+// 	-tag 'jls:a:See Java Language Specification:' Snippets.java
+/** Snippets for comment tests. */
+class Snippets
 {	/* 	TRAILING BLANKS AND MESSPILLINGS ARE SIGNIFICANT! */
-	/**	
+	/** The method {@code main} must be declared {@code public}, {@code
-	 * The method {@code main} must be declared {@code public}, {@code
 	 * static}, and {@code void}.  It must specify a formal parameter
 	 * whose declared type is array of {@link String}.  Therefore,
 	 * either of the following declarations is acceptable:
@@ -16,10 +73,18 @@ class CommentsTests
 	 *{@code public static void main(String... args) { }}</pre>
 	 *
 	 * @param args optional commande-line arguments 
-	 * @jls 12.1.4 Invoke {@code Test.main}
+	 * @jls 12.1.4 Invoke {@code Test.main} */
-	 */
 	// @start region = main		
 	// @link substring = 'String' target = 'java.lang.String' :
 	public static void main(String[] args) { }
 	// @end 
+
+	/** {@return an empty string}	
+	 * @see <a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/specs/jls/se21/html/jls-3.html#jls-3.10.5">3.10.5 String Literals</a>
+	 * @see Object#toString() */
+	// @start region = toString	
+	// @replace substring = '""' replacement = "\u0022\u0022"
+	// @link regex = '\bString' target = java.lang.String type = linkplain :
+	@Override public String toString() { return ""; }
+	// @end 
 }