JargonFile/original/html/E/ELIZA-effect.html
2014-03-27 18:54:56 +00:00

20 lines
3.2 KiB
HTML
Raw Blame History

This file contains invisible Unicode characters

This file contains invisible Unicode characters that are indistinguishable to humans but may be processed differently by a computer. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" standalone="no"?>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>ELIZA effect</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../jargon.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.61.0"/><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Jargon File"/><link rel="up" href="../E.html" title="E"/><link rel="previous" href="elite.html" title="elite"/><link rel="next" href="elvish.html" title="elvish"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">ELIZA effect</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="elite.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">E</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="elvish.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><dt><a id="ELIZA-effect"/><dt xmlns="" id="ELIZA-effect"><b>ELIZA effect</b>: <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="pronunciation">/@·li:´z@ @·fekt´/</span>, <span xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="grammar">n.</span></dt></dt><dd><p> [AI community] The tendency of humans to attach associations to
terms from prior experience. For example, there is nothing magic about the
symbol <tt class="literal">+</tt> that makes it well-suited to indicate addition;
it's just that people associate it with addition. Using
<tt class="literal">+</tt> or &#8216;plus&#8217; to mean addition in a computer
language is taking advantage of the ELIZA effect.</p><p>This term comes from the famous ELIZA program by Joseph Weizenbaum,
which simulated a Rogerian psychotherapist by re­phrasing many of the
patient's statements as questions and posing them to the patient. It
worked by simple pattern recognition and substitution of key words into
canned phrases. It was so convincing, however, that there are many
anecdotes about people becoming very emotionally caught up in dealing with
ELIZA. All this was due to people's tendency to attach to words meanings
which the computer never put there. The ELIZA effect is a
<a href="../G/Good-Thing.html"><i class="glossterm">Good Thing</i></a> when writing a programming language, but it can blind you
to serious shortcomings when analyzing an Artificial Intelligence system.
Compare <a href="../A/ad-hockery.html"><i class="glossterm">ad-hockery</i></a>; see also
<a href="../A/AI-complete.html"><i class="glossterm">AI-complete</i></a>. Sources for a clone of the original
Eliza are available at <a href="ftp://ftp.cc.utexas.edu/pub/AI-ATTIC/Programs/Classic/Eliza/Eliza.c" target="_top">ftp://ftp.cc.utexas.edu/pub/AI_ATTIC/Programs/Classic/Eliza/Eliza.c</a>.</p></dd><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="elite.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="../E.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="elvish.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">elite </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> elvish</td></tr></table></div></body></html>