JargonFile/entries/epoch.txt

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epoch
n. [Unix: prob.: from astronomical timekeeping] The time and date
corresponding to 0 in an operating system's clock and timestamp values.
Under most Unix versions the epoch is 00:00:00 GMT, January 1, 1970; under
VMS, it's 00:00:00 of November 17, 1858 (base date of the U.S. Naval
Observatory's ephemerides); on a Macintosh, it's the midnight beginning
January 1 1904. System time is measured in seconds or ticks past the epoch.
Weird problems may ensue when the clock wraps around (see wrap around ),
which is not necessarily a rare event; on systems counting 10 ticks per
second, a signed 32-bit count of ticks is good only for 6.8 years. The
1-tick-per-second clock of Unix is good only until January 18, 2038,
assuming at least some software continues to consider it signed and that
word lengths don't increase by then. See also wall time. Microsoft Windows,
on the other hand, has an epoch problem every 49.7 days but this is seldom
noticed as Windows is almost incapable of staying up continuously for that
long.