diff --git a/d2core/d2stats/diablo2stats/diablo2stats.go b/d2core/d2stats/diablo2stats/diablo2stats.go
index 525e625b..f2b83ffe 100644
--- a/d2core/d2stats/diablo2stats/diablo2stats.go
+++ b/d2core/d2stats/diablo2stats/diablo2stats.go
@@ -6,16 +6,19 @@ import (
 )
 
 // NewStat creates a stat instance with the given record and values
-func NewStat(record *d2datadict.ItemStatCostRecord, values ...d2stats.StatValue) d2stats.Stat {
+func NewStat(key string, values ...float64) d2stats.Stat {
+	record := d2datadict.ItemStatCosts[key]
+
 	if record == nil {
 		return nil
 	}
 
-	stat := &Diablo2Stat{
+	stat := &diablo2Stat{
 		record: record,
-		values: values,
 	}
 
+	stat.init(values...) // init stat values, value types, and value combination rules
+
 	return stat
 }
 
@@ -24,22 +27,21 @@ func NewStatList(stats ...d2stats.Stat) d2stats.StatList {
 	return &Diablo2StatList{stats}
 }
 
-// NewStatValue creates a stat value of the given type
-func NewStatValue(t d2stats.StatValueType) d2stats.StatValue {
-	sv := &Diablo2StatValue{_type: t}
+// NewValue creates a stat value of the given type
+func NewValue(t d2stats.StatNumberType, c d2stats.ValueCombineType) d2stats.StatValue {
+	sv := &Diablo2StatValue{
+		numberType:  t,
+		combineType: c,
+	}
 
 	switch t {
 	case d2stats.StatValueFloat:
-		sv._stringer = stringerUnsignedFloat
+		sv.stringerFn = stringerUnsignedFloat
 	case d2stats.StatValueInt:
-		sv._stringer = stringerUnsignedInt
+		sv.stringerFn = stringerUnsignedInt
 	default:
-		sv._stringer = stringerEmpty
+		sv.stringerFn = stringerEmpty
 	}
 
 	return sv
 }
-
-func intVal(i int) d2stats.StatValue {
-	return NewStatValue(d2stats.StatValueInt).SetInt(i)
-}
diff --git a/d2core/d2stats/diablo2stats/stat.go b/d2core/d2stats/diablo2stats/stat.go
index efa5c2c4..b75cbdef 100644
--- a/d2core/d2stats/diablo2stats/stat.go
+++ b/d2core/d2stats/diablo2stats/stat.go
@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@ package diablo2stats
 
 import (
 	"fmt"
-	"reflect"
 	"strings"
 
 	"github.com/OpenDiablo2/OpenDiablo2/d2common"
@@ -10,8 +9,8 @@ import (
 	"github.com/OpenDiablo2/OpenDiablo2/d2core/d2stats"
 )
 
-// static check that Diablo2Stat implements Stat
-var _ d2stats.Stat = &Diablo2Stat{}
+// static check that diablo2Stat implements Stat
+var _ d2stats.Stat = &diablo2Stat{}
 
 type descValPosition int
 
@@ -23,6 +22,10 @@ const (
 
 const (
 	maxSkillTabIndex = 2
+	oneValue         = 1
+	twoValue         = 2
+	threeValue       = 3
+	fourValue        = 4
 )
 
 const (
@@ -31,47 +34,188 @@ const (
 	fourComponentStr  = "%s %s %s %s"
 )
 
-// Diablo2Stat is an instance of a Diablo2Stat, with a set of values
-type Diablo2Stat struct {
+const (
+	intVal = d2stats.StatValueInt
+	sum    = d2stats.StatValueCombineSum
+	static = d2stats.StatValueCombineStatic
+)
+
+// diablo2Stat is an implementation of an OpenDiablo2 Stat, with a set of values.
+// It is pretty tightly coupled to the data files for d2
+type diablo2Stat struct {
 	record *d2datadict.ItemStatCostRecord
 	values []d2stats.StatValue
 }
 
+// depending on the stat record, sets up the proper number of values,
+// as well as set up the stat value number types, value combination types, and
+// the value stringer functions used
+func (s *diablo2Stat) init(numbers ...float64) {
+	if s.record == nil {
+		return
+	}
+
+	//nolint:gomdn introducing a const for these would be worse
+	switch s.record.DescFnID {
+	case 1:
+		// +31 to Strength
+		// Replenish Life +20 || Drain Life -8
+		s.values = make([]d2stats.StatValue, oneValue)
+		s.values[0] = NewValue(intVal, sum).SetStringer(stringerIntSigned)
+	case 2:
+		// +16% Increased Chance of Blocking
+		// Lightning Absorb +10%
+		s.values = make([]d2stats.StatValue, oneValue)
+		s.values[0] = NewValue(intVal, sum).SetStringer(stringerIntPercentageSigned)
+	case 3:
+		// Damage Reduced by 25
+		// Slain Monsters Rest in Peace
+		s.values = make([]d2stats.StatValue, oneValue)
+		s.values[0] = NewValue(intVal, sum)
+	case 4:
+		// Poison Resist +25%
+		// +25% Faster Run/Walk
+		s.values = make([]d2stats.StatValue, oneValue)
+		s.values[0] = NewValue(intVal, sum).SetStringer(stringerIntPercentageSigned)
+	case 5:
+		// Hit Causes Monster to Flee 25%
+		s.values = make([]d2stats.StatValue, oneValue)
+		s.values[0] = NewValue(intVal, sum)
+		s.values[0].SetStringer(stringerIntPercentageUnsigned)
+	case 6:
+		// +25 to Life (Based on Character Level)
+		s.values = make([]d2stats.StatValue, oneValue)
+		s.values[0] = NewValue(intVal, sum).SetStringer(stringerIntSigned)
+	case 7:
+		// Lightning Resist +25% (Based on Character Level)
+		// +25% Better Chance of Getting Magic Items (Based on Character Level)
+		s.values = make([]d2stats.StatValue, oneValue)
+		s.values[0] = NewValue(intVal, sum).SetStringer(stringerIntPercentageSigned)
+	case 8:
+		// +25% Enhanced Defense (Based on Character Level)
+		// Heal Stamina Plus +25% (Based on Character Level)
+		s.values = make([]d2stats.StatValue, oneValue)
+		s.values[0] = NewValue(intVal, sum).SetStringer(stringerIntPercentageSigned)
+	case 9:
+		// Attacker Takes Damage of 25 (Based on Character Level)
+		s.values = make([]d2stats.StatValue, oneValue)
+		s.values[0] = NewValue(intVal, sum)
+	case 11:
+		// Repairs 2 durability per second
+		s.values = make([]d2stats.StatValue, oneValue)
+		s.values[0] = NewValue(intVal, sum)
+	case 12:
+		// Hit Blinds Target +5
+		s.values = make([]d2stats.StatValue, oneValue)
+		s.values[0] = NewValue(intVal, sum).SetStringer(stringerIntSigned)
+	case 13:
+		// +5 to Paladin Skill Levels
+		s.values = make([]d2stats.StatValue, twoValue)
+		s.values[0] = NewValue(intVal, sum).SetStringer(stringerIntSigned)
+		s.values[1] = NewValue(intVal, sum).SetStringer(stringerClassAllSkills)
+	case 14:
+		// +5 to Combat Skills (Paladin Only)
+		s.values = make([]d2stats.StatValue, threeValue)
+		s.values[0] = NewValue(intVal, sum).SetStringer(stringerIntSigned)
+		s.values[1] = NewValue(intVal, sum).SetStringer(stringerClassOnly)
+		s.values[2] = NewValue(intVal, static)
+	case 15:
+		//  5% Chance to cast level 7 Frozen Orb on attack
+		s.values = make([]d2stats.StatValue, threeValue)
+		s.values[0] = NewValue(intVal, sum)
+		s.values[1] = NewValue(intVal, static)
+		s.values[2] = NewValue(intVal, static).SetStringer(stringerSkillName)
+	case 16:
+		// Level 3 Warmth Aura When Equipped
+		s.values = make([]d2stats.StatValue, twoValue)
+		s.values[0] = NewValue(intVal, sum)
+		s.values[1] = NewValue(intVal, static).SetStringer(stringerSkillName)
+	case 20:
+		// -25% Target Defense
+		s.values = make([]d2stats.StatValue, oneValue)
+		s.values[0] = NewValue(intVal, sum).SetStringer(stringerIntPercentageSigned)
+	case 22:
+		// 25% to Attack Rating versus Specter
+		s.values = make([]d2stats.StatValue, twoValue)
+		s.values[0] = NewValue(intVal, sum).SetStringer(stringerIntPercentageUnsigned)
+		s.values[1] = NewValue(intVal, static).SetStringer(stringerMonsterName)
+	case 23:
+		//  25% Reanimate as: Specter
+		s.values = make([]d2stats.StatValue, twoValue)
+		s.values[0] = NewValue(intVal, sum).SetStringer(stringerIntPercentageUnsigned)
+		s.values[1] = NewValue(intVal, static).SetStringer(stringerMonsterName)
+	case 24:
+		// Level 25 Frozen Orb (19/20 Charges)
+		s.values = make([]d2stats.StatValue, fourValue)
+		s.values[0] = NewValue(intVal, static)
+		s.values[1] = NewValue(intVal, static).SetStringer(stringerSkillName)
+		s.values[2] = NewValue(intVal, static)
+		s.values[3] = NewValue(intVal, static)
+	case 27:
+		// +25 to Frozen Orb (Paladin Only)
+		s.values = make([]d2stats.StatValue, threeValue)
+		s.values[0] = NewValue(intVal, sum).SetStringer(stringerIntSigned)
+		s.values[1] = NewValue(intVal, static).SetStringer(stringerSkillName)
+		s.values[2] = NewValue(intVal, static).SetStringer(stringerClassOnly)
+	case 28:
+		// +25 to Frozen Orb
+		s.values = make([]d2stats.StatValue, twoValue)
+		s.values[0] = NewValue(intVal, sum).SetStringer(stringerIntSigned)
+		s.values[1] = NewValue(intVal, static).SetStringer(stringerSkillName)
+	default:
+		return
+	}
+
+	for idx := range numbers {
+		if idx > len(s.values) {
+			break
+		}
+
+		s.values[idx].SetFloat(numbers[idx])
+	}
+}
+
 // Name returns the name of the stat (the key in itemstatcosts)
-func (s *Diablo2Stat) Name() string {
+func (s *diablo2Stat) Name() string {
 	return s.record.Name
 }
 
 // Priority returns the description printing priority
-func (s *Diablo2Stat) Priority() int {
+func (s *diablo2Stat) Priority() int {
 	return s.record.DescPriority
 }
 
 // Values returns the stat values of the stat
-func (s *Diablo2Stat) Values() []d2stats.StatValue {
+func (s *diablo2Stat) Values() []d2stats.StatValue {
 	return s.values
 }
 
 // SetValues sets the stat values
-func (s *Diablo2Stat) SetValues(values ...d2stats.StatValue) {
+func (s *diablo2Stat) SetValues(values ...d2stats.StatValue) {
 	s.values = make([]d2stats.StatValue, len(values))
 	for idx := range values {
 		s.values[idx] = values[idx]
 	}
 }
 
-// Clone returns a deep copy of the Diablo2Stat
-func (s *Diablo2Stat) Clone() d2stats.Stat {
-	clone := &Diablo2Stat{
+// Clone returns a deep copy of the diablo2Stat
+func (s *diablo2Stat) Clone() d2stats.Stat {
+	clone := &diablo2Stat{
 		record: s.record,
-		values: make([]d2stats.StatValue, len(s.Values())),
 	}
 
+	clone.init()
+
 	for idx := range s.values {
 		srcVal := s.values[idx]
-		dstVal := reflect.New(reflect.ValueOf(srcVal).Elem().Type()).Interface().(d2stats.StatValue)
+		dstVal := &Diablo2StatValue{
+			numberType:  srcVal.NumberType(),
+			combineType: srcVal.CombineType(),
+		}
 
-		switch srcVal.Type() {
+		dstVal.SetStringer(srcVal.Stringer())
+
+		switch srcVal.NumberType() {
 		case d2stats.StatValueInt:
 			dstVal.SetInt(srcVal.Int())
 		case d2stats.StatValueFloat:
@@ -85,14 +229,14 @@ func (s *Diablo2Stat) Clone() d2stats.Stat {
 }
 
 // Copy to this stat value the values of the given stat value
-func (s *Diablo2Stat) Copy(from d2stats.Stat) d2stats.Stat {
+func (s *diablo2Stat) Copy(from d2stats.Stat) d2stats.Stat {
 	srcValues := from.Values()
 	s.values = make([]d2stats.StatValue, len(srcValues))
 
 	for idx := range srcValues {
 		src := srcValues[idx]
-		valType := src.Type()
-		dst := &Diablo2StatValue{_type: valType}
+		valType := src.NumberType()
+		dst := &Diablo2StatValue{numberType: valType}
 		dst.SetStringer(src.Stringer())
 
 		switch valType {
@@ -109,7 +253,7 @@ func (s *Diablo2Stat) Copy(from d2stats.Stat) d2stats.Stat {
 }
 
 // Combine sums the other stat with this one (does not alter this stat, returns altered clone!)
-func (s *Diablo2Stat) Combine(other d2stats.Stat) (result d2stats.Stat, err error) {
+func (s *diablo2Stat) Combine(other d2stats.Stat) (result d2stats.Stat, err error) {
 	cantBeCombinedErr := fmt.Errorf("cannot combine %s with %s", s.Name(), other.Name())
 
 	if !s.canBeCombinedWith(other) {
@@ -121,20 +265,31 @@ func (s *Diablo2Stat) Combine(other d2stats.Stat) (result d2stats.Stat, err erro
 
 	for idx := range result.Values() {
 		v1, v2 := dstValues[idx], srcValues[idx]
+		combinationRule := v1.CombineType()
 
-		valType := v1.Type()
-		switch valType {
-		case d2stats.StatValueInt:
-			v1.SetInt(v1.Int() + v2.Int())
-		case d2stats.StatValueFloat:
-			v1.SetFloat(v1.Float() + v2.Float())
+		if combinationRule == d2stats.StatValueCombineStatic {
+			// we do not add the values, they remain the same
+			// for things like monster/class/skill index or on proc stats
+			// where the level of a skill isn't summed, but the
+			// chance to cast values are
+			continue
+		}
+
+		if combinationRule == d2stats.StatValueCombineSum {
+			valType := v1.NumberType()
+			switch valType {
+			case d2stats.StatValueInt:
+				v1.SetInt(v1.Int() + v2.Int())
+			case d2stats.StatValueFloat:
+				v1.SetFloat(v1.Float() + v2.Float())
+			}
 		}
 	}
 
 	return result, nil
 }
 
-func (s *Diablo2Stat) canBeCombinedWith(other d2stats.Stat) bool {
+func (s *diablo2Stat) canBeCombinedWith(other d2stats.Stat) bool {
 	if s.Name() != other.Name() {
 		return false
 	}
@@ -145,86 +300,65 @@ func (s *Diablo2Stat) canBeCombinedWith(other d2stats.Stat) bool {
 	}
 
 	for idx := range values1 {
-		if values1[idx].Type() != values2[idx].Type() {
+		if values1[idx].NumberType() != values2[idx].NumberType() {
 			return false
 		}
+
+		if values1[idx].CombineType() != values2[idx].CombineType() {
+			return false
+		}
+
+		// in the case that we are trying to combine stats like:
+		// 		+1 to Paladin Skills
+		// 		+1 to Sorceress Skills
+		// the numeric value (an index) that denotes the class skill type knows not to be summed
+		// with the other index, even though the format of the stat and stat value is pretty much
+		// the same.
+		if values1[idx].CombineType() == d2stats.StatValueCombineStatic {
+			if values1[idx].Float() != values2[idx].Float() {
+				return false
+			}
+		}
 	}
 
 	return true
 }
 
 // String returns the formatted description string
-func (s *Diablo2Stat) String() string { //nolint:gocyclo switch statement is not so bad
+func (s *diablo2Stat) String() string { //nolint:gocyclo switch statement is not so bad
 	var result string
 
+	for idx := range s.values {
+		if s.values[idx].Stringer() == nil {
+			s.values[idx].SetStringer(stringerUnsignedInt)
+		}
+	}
+
 	//nolint:gomdn introducing a const for these would be worse
 	switch s.record.DescFnID {
-	case 1:
-		s.values[0].SetStringer(stringerIntSigned)
+	case 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 12, 20:
 		result = s.descFn1()
-	case 2:
-		s.values[0].SetStringer(stringerIntPercentageSigned)
-		result = s.descFn2()
-	case 3:
-		result = s.descFn3()
-	case 4:
-		s.values[0].SetStringer(stringerIntPercentageSigned)
-		result = s.descFn4()
-	case 5:
-		s.values[0].SetStringer(stringerIntPercentageUnsigned)
-		result = s.descFn5()
-	case 6:
-		s.values[0].SetStringer(stringerIntSigned)
+	case 6, 7, 8:
 		result = s.descFn6()
-	case 7:
-		s.values[0].SetStringer(stringerIntPercentageSigned)
-		result = s.descFn7()
-	case 8:
-		s.values[0].SetStringer(stringerIntPercentageSigned)
-		result = s.descFn8()
 	case 9:
 		result = s.descFn9()
 	case 11:
 		result = s.descFn11()
-	case 12:
-		s.values[0].SetStringer(stringerIntSigned)
-		result = s.descFn12()
 	case 13:
-		s.values[0].SetStringer(stringerIntSigned)
-		s.values[1].SetStringer(stringerClassAllSkills)
 		result = s.descFn13()
 	case 14:
-		s.values[0].SetStringer(stringerIntSigned)
-		s.values[1].SetStringer(stringerClassOnly)
 		result = s.descFn14()
 	case 15:
-		s.values[2].SetStringer(stringerSkillName)
 		result = s.descFn15()
 	case 16:
-		s.values[1].SetStringer(stringerSkillName)
 		result = s.descFn16()
-	case 20:
-		s.values[0].SetStringer(stringerIntPercentageSigned)
-		result = s.descFn20()
-	case 22:
-		s.values[0].SetStringer(stringerIntPercentageUnsigned)
-		s.values[1].SetStringer(stringerMonsterName)
+	case 22, 23:
 		result = s.descFn22()
-	case 23:
-		s.values[0].SetStringer(stringerIntPercentageUnsigned)
-		s.values[1].SetStringer(stringerMonsterName)
-		result = s.descFn23()
 	case 24:
-		s.values[1].SetStringer(stringerSkillName)
 		result = s.descFn24()
 	case 27:
-		s.values[0].SetStringer(stringerIntSigned)
-		s.values[1].SetStringer(stringerSkillName)
-		s.values[2].SetStringer(stringerClassOnly)
 		result = s.descFn27()
 	case 28:
-		s.values[0].SetStringer(stringerIntSigned)
-		s.values[1].SetStringer(stringerSkillName)
 		result = s.descFn28()
 	default:
 		result = ""
@@ -233,9 +367,7 @@ func (s *Diablo2Stat) String() string { //nolint:gocyclo switch statement is not
 	return result
 }
 
-// +31 to Strength
-// Replenish Life +20 || Drain Life -8
-func (s *Diablo2Stat) descFn1() string {
+func (s *diablo2Stat) descFn1() string {
 	var stringTableKey, result string
 
 	value := s.values[0]
@@ -264,35 +396,7 @@ func (s *Diablo2Stat) descFn1() string {
 	return result
 }
 
-// +16% Increased Chance of Blocking
-// Lightning Absorb +10%
-func (s *Diablo2Stat) descFn2() string {
-	// for now, same as fn1
-	return s.descFn1()
-}
-
-// Damage Reduced by 25
-// Slain Monsters Rest in Peace
-func (s *Diablo2Stat) descFn3() string {
-	// for now, same as fn1
-	return s.descFn1()
-}
-
-// Poison Resist +25%
-// +25% Faster Run/Walk
-func (s *Diablo2Stat) descFn4() string {
-	// for now, same as fn1
-	return s.descFn1()
-}
-
-// Hit Causes Monster to Flee 25%
-func (s *Diablo2Stat) descFn5() string {
-	// for now, same as fn1
-	return s.descFn1()
-}
-
-// +25 to Life (Based on Character Level)
-func (s *Diablo2Stat) descFn6() string {
+func (s *diablo2Stat) descFn6() string {
 	var stringTableKey, result string
 
 	value := s.values[0]
@@ -323,22 +427,7 @@ func (s *Diablo2Stat) descFn6() string {
 	return result
 }
 
-// Lightning Resist +25% (Based on Character Level)
-// +25% Better Chance of Getting Magic Items (Based on Character Level)
-func (s *Diablo2Stat) descFn7() string {
-	// for now, same as fn6
-	return s.descFn6()
-}
-
-// +25% Enhanced Defense (Based on Character Level)
-// Heal Stamina Plus +25% (Based on Character Level)
-func (s *Diablo2Stat) descFn8() string {
-	// for now, same as fn6
-	return s.descFn6()
-}
-
-// Attacker Takes Damage of 25 (Based on Character Level)
-func (s *Diablo2Stat) descFn9() string {
+func (s *diablo2Stat) descFn9() string {
 	var stringTableKey, result string
 
 	value := s.values[0]
@@ -368,8 +457,7 @@ func (s *Diablo2Stat) descFn9() string {
 	return result
 }
 
-// Repairs 2 durability per second
-func (s *Diablo2Stat) descFn11() string {
+func (s *diablo2Stat) descFn11() string {
 	var stringTableKey string
 
 	value := s.values[0]
@@ -387,14 +475,7 @@ func (s *Diablo2Stat) descFn11() string {
 	return fmt.Sprintf(formatString, value)
 }
 
-// Hit Blinds Target +5
-func (s *Diablo2Stat) descFn12() string {
-	// for now, same as fn1
-	return s.descFn1()
-}
-
-// +5 to Paladin Skill Levels
-func (s *Diablo2Stat) descFn13() string {
+func (s *diablo2Stat) descFn13() string {
 	value := s.values[0]
 	allSkills := s.values[1]
 
@@ -412,8 +493,7 @@ func (s *Diablo2Stat) descFn13() string {
 	}
 }
 
-//  +5 to Combat Skills (Paladin Only)
-func (s *Diablo2Stat) descFn14() string {
+func (s *diablo2Stat) descFn14() string {
 	// strings come out like `+5 to Combat Skills (Paladin Only)`
 	numSkills, hero, skillTab := s.values[0], s.values[1], s.values[2]
 	heroMap := getHeroMap()
@@ -440,8 +520,7 @@ func (s *Diablo2Stat) descFn14() string {
 	return fmt.Sprintf(threeComponentStr, numSkillsStr, skillTabStr, classOnlyStr)
 }
 
-//  5% Chance to cast level 7 Frozen Orb on attack
-func (s *Diablo2Stat) descFn15() string {
+func (s *diablo2Stat) descFn15() string {
 	chance, lvl, skill := s.values[0], s.values[1], s.values[2]
 
 	// Special case, `chance to cast` format is actually in the string table!
@@ -450,8 +529,7 @@ func (s *Diablo2Stat) descFn15() string {
 	return fmt.Sprintf(chanceToCastStr, chance.Int(), lvl.Int(), skill)
 }
 
-// Level 3 Warmth Aura When Equipped
-func (s *Diablo2Stat) descFn16() string {
+func (s *diablo2Stat) descFn16() string {
 	skillLevel, skillIndex := s.values[0], s.values[1]
 
 	// Special case, `Level # XYZ Aura When Equipped`, format is actually in the string table!
@@ -460,28 +538,14 @@ func (s *Diablo2Stat) descFn16() string {
 	return fmt.Sprintf(format, skillLevel.Int(), skillIndex)
 }
 
-// -25% Target Defense
-func (s *Diablo2Stat) descFn20() string {
-	// for now, same as fn2
-	return s.descFn2()
-}
-
-// 25% to Attack Rating versus Specter
-func (s *Diablo2Stat) descFn22() string {
+func (s *diablo2Stat) descFn22() string {
 	arBonus, monsterIndex := s.values[0], s.values[1]
 	arVersus := d2common.TranslateString(s.record.DescStrPos)
 
 	return fmt.Sprintf(threeComponentStr, arBonus, arVersus, monsterIndex)
 }
 
-//  25% Reanimate as: Specter
-func (s *Diablo2Stat) descFn23() string {
-	// for now, same as fn22
-	return s.descFn22()
-}
-
-// Level 25 Frozen Orb (19/20 Charges)
-func (s *Diablo2Stat) descFn24() string {
+func (s *diablo2Stat) descFn24() string {
 	// Special case formatting
 	format := "Level " + threeComponentStr
 
@@ -496,22 +560,20 @@ func (s *Diablo2Stat) descFn24() string {
 	return fmt.Sprintf(format, lvl, skill, chargeStr)
 }
 
-// +25 to Frozen Orb (Paladin Only)
-func (s *Diablo2Stat) descFn27() string {
+func (s *diablo2Stat) descFn27() string {
 	amount, skill, hero := s.values[0], s.values[1], s.values[2]
 
 	return fmt.Sprintf(fourComponentStr, amount, "to", skill, hero)
 }
 
-// +25 to Frozen Orb
-func (s *Diablo2Stat) descFn28() string {
+func (s *diablo2Stat) descFn28() string {
 	amount, skill := s.values[0], s.values[1]
 
 	return fmt.Sprintf(threeComponentStr, amount, "to", skill)
 }
 
 // DescGroupString return a string based on the DescGroupFuncID
-func (s *Diablo2Stat) DescGroupString(a ...interface{}) string {
+func (s *diablo2Stat) DescGroupString(a ...interface{}) string {
 	if s.record.DescGroupFuncID < 0 {
 		return ""
 	}
diff --git a/d2core/d2stats/diablo2stats/stat_test.go b/d2core/d2stats/diablo2stats/stat_test.go
index 5a5c2d5b..303d7333 100644
--- a/d2core/d2stats/diablo2stats/stat_test.go
+++ b/d2core/d2stats/diablo2stats/stat_test.go
@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@ package diablo2stats
 
 import (
 	"fmt"
-	"github.com/OpenDiablo2/OpenDiablo2/d2core/d2stats"
 	"testing"
 
 	"github.com/OpenDiablo2/OpenDiablo2/d2common/d2data/d2datadict"
@@ -261,8 +260,7 @@ func TestStat_InitMockData(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestStat_Clone(t *testing.T) {
-	r := d2datadict.ItemStatCosts["strength"]
-	s1 := NewStat(r, intVal(5))
+	s1 := NewStat("strength", 5)
 	s2 := s1.Clone()
 
 	// make sure the stats are distinct
@@ -288,89 +286,94 @@ func TestStat_Clone(t *testing.T) {
 func TestStat_Descriptions(t *testing.T) {
 	tests := []struct {
 		recordKey string
-		vals      []d2stats.StatValue
+		vals      []float64
 		expect    string
 	}{
 		// DescFn1
-		{"strength", []d2stats.StatValue{intVal(31)}, "+31 to Strength"},
-		{"hpregen", []d2stats.StatValue{intVal(20)}, "Replenish Life +20"},
-		{"hpregen", []d2stats.StatValue{intVal(-8)}, "Drain Life -8"},
+		{"strength", []float64{31}, "+31 to Strength"},
+		{"hpregen", []float64{20}, "Replenish Life +20"},
+		{"hpregen", []float64{-8}, "Drain Life -8"},
 
 		// DescFn2
-		{"toblock", []d2stats.StatValue{intVal(16)}, "+16% Increased Chance of Blocking"},
-		{"item_absorblight_percent", []d2stats.StatValue{intVal(10)}, "Lightning Absorb +10%"},
+		{"toblock", []float64{16}, "+16% Increased Chance of Blocking"},
+		{"item_absorblight_percent", []float64{10}, "Lightning Absorb +10%"},
 
 		// DescFn3
-		{"normal_damage_reduction", []d2stats.StatValue{intVal(25)}, "Damage Reduced by 25"},
-		{"item_restinpeace", []d2stats.StatValue{intVal(25)}, "Slain Monsters Rest in Peace"},
+		{"normal_damage_reduction", []float64{25}, "Damage Reduced by 25"},
+		{"item_restinpeace", []float64{25}, "Slain Monsters Rest in Peace"},
 
 		// DescFn4
-		{"poisonresist", []d2stats.StatValue{intVal(25)}, "Poison Resist +25%"},
-		{"item_fastermovevelocity", []d2stats.StatValue{intVal(25)}, "+25% Faster Run/Walk"},
+		{"poisonresist", []float64{25}, "Poison Resist +25%"},
+		{"item_fastermovevelocity", []float64{25}, "+25% Faster Run/Walk"},
 
 		// DescFn5
-		{"item_howl", []d2stats.StatValue{intVal(25)}, "Hit Causes Monster to Flee 25%"},
+		{"item_howl", []float64{25}, "Hit Causes Monster to Flee 25%"},
 
 		// DescFn6
-		{"item_hp_perlevel", []d2stats.StatValue{intVal(25)}, "+25 to Life (Based on Character Level)"},
+		{"item_hp_perlevel", []float64{25}, "+25 to Life (Based on Character Level)"},
 
 		// DescFn7
-		{"item_resist_ltng_perlevel", []d2stats.StatValue{intVal(25)}, "Lightning Resist +25% (Based on Character Level)"},
-		{"item_find_magic_perlevel", []d2stats.StatValue{intVal(25)}, "+25% Better Chance of Getting Magic Items (" +
+		{"item_resist_ltng_perlevel", []float64{25},
+			"Lightning Resist +25% (Based on Character Level)"},
+		{"item_find_magic_perlevel", []float64{25}, "+25% Better Chance of Getting Magic Items (" +
 			"Based on Character Level)"},
 
 		// DescFn8
-		{"item_armorpercent_perlevel", []d2stats.StatValue{intVal(25)}, "+25% Enhanced Defense (Based on Character Level)"},
-		{"item_regenstamina_perlevel", []d2stats.StatValue{intVal(25)},
+		{"item_armorpercent_perlevel", []float64{25},
+			"+25% Enhanced Defense (Based on Character Level)"},
+		{"item_regenstamina_perlevel", []float64{25},
 			"Heal Stamina Plus +25% (Based on Character Level)"},
 
 		// DescFn9
-		{"item_thorns_perlevel", []d2stats.StatValue{intVal(25)}, "Attacker Takes Damage of 25 (Based on Character Level)"},
+		{"item_thorns_perlevel", []float64{25}, "Attacker Takes Damage of 25 (" +
+			"Based on Character Level)"},
 
 		// DescFn11
-		{"item_replenish_durability", []d2stats.StatValue{intVal(2)}, "Repairs 2 durability per second"},
+		{"item_replenish_durability", []float64{2}, "Repairs 2 durability per second"},
 
 		// DescFn12
-		{"item_stupidity", []d2stats.StatValue{intVal(5)}, "Hit Blinds Target +5"},
+		{"item_stupidity", []float64{5}, "Hit Blinds Target +5"},
 
 		// DescFn13
-		{"item_addclassskills", []d2stats.StatValue{intVal(5), intVal(3)}, "+5 to Paladin Skill Levels"},
+		{"item_addclassskills", []float64{5, 3}, "+5 to Paladin Skill Levels"},
 
 		// DescFn14
-		{"item_addskill_tab", []d2stats.StatValue{intVal(5), intVal(3), intVal(0)}, "+5 to Combat Skills (Paladin Only)"},
-		{"item_addskill_tab", []d2stats.StatValue{intVal(5), intVal(3), intVal(1)}, "+5 to Offensive Auras (Paladin Only)"},
-		{"item_addskill_tab", []d2stats.StatValue{intVal(5), intVal(3), intVal(2)}, "+5 to Defensive Auras (Paladin Only)"},
+		{"item_addskill_tab", []float64{5, 3, 0}, "+5 to Combat Skills (Paladin Only)"},
+		{"item_addskill_tab", []float64{5, 3, 1}, "+5 to Offensive Auras (Paladin Only)"},
+		{"item_addskill_tab", []float64{5, 3, 2}, "+5 to Defensive Auras (Paladin Only)"},
 
 		// DescFn15
-		{"item_skillonattack", []d2stats.StatValue{intVal(5), intVal(7), intVal(64)}, "5% Chance to cast level 7 Frozen Orb on attack"},
+		{"item_skillonattack", []float64{5, 7, 64},
+			"5% Chance to cast level 7 Frozen Orb on attack"},
 
 		// DescFn16
-		{"item_aura", []d2stats.StatValue{intVal(3), intVal(37)}, "Level 3 Warmth Aura When Equipped"},
+		{"item_aura", []float64{3, 37}, "Level 3 Warmth Aura When Equipped"},
 
 		// DescFn20
-		{"item_fractionaltargetac", []d2stats.StatValue{intVal(-25)}, "-25% Target Defense"},
+		{"item_fractionaltargetac", []float64{-25}, "-25% Target Defense"},
 
 		// DescFn22
-		{"attack_vs_montype", []d2stats.StatValue{intVal(25), intVal(40)}, "25% to Attack Rating versus Specter"},
+		{"attack_vs_montype", []float64{25, 40}, "25% to Attack Rating versus Specter"},
 
 		// DescFn23
-		{"item_reanimate", []d2stats.StatValue{intVal(25), intVal(40)}, "25% Reanimate as: Specter"},
+		{"item_reanimate", []float64{25, 40}, "25% Reanimate as: Specter"},
 
 		// DescFn24
-		{"item_charged_skill", []d2stats.StatValue{intVal(25), intVal(64), intVal(20), intVal(19)}, "Level 25 Frozen Orb (19/20 Charges)"},
+		{"item_charged_skill", []float64{25, 64, 20, 19}, "Level 25 Frozen Orb (19/20 Charges)"},
 
 		// DescFn27
-		{"item_singleskill", []d2stats.StatValue{intVal(25), intVal(64), intVal(3)}, "+25 to Frozen Orb (Paladin Only)"},
+		{"item_singleskill", []float64{25, 64, 3}, "+25 to Frozen Orb (Paladin Only)"},
 
 		// DescFn28
-		{"item_nonclassskill", []d2stats.StatValue{intVal(25), intVal(64)}, "+25 to Frozen Orb"},
+		{"item_nonclassskill", []float64{25, 64}, "+25 to Frozen Orb"},
 	}
 
 	for idx := range tests {
 		test := tests[idx]
-		record := d2datadict.ItemStatCosts[test.recordKey]
+		key := test.recordKey
+		record := d2datadict.ItemStatCosts[key]
 		expect := test.expect
-		stat := NewStat(record, test.vals...)
+		stat := NewStat(key, test.vals...)
 
 		if got := stat.String(); got != expect {
 			t.Errorf(errFmt, errStr, record.DescFnID, test.recordKey, test.vals, expect, got)
@@ -381,3 +384,21 @@ func TestStat_Descriptions(t *testing.T) {
 		}
 	}
 }
+
+func TestDiablo2Stat_Combine(t *testing.T) {
+	a := NewStat("item_nonclassskill", 25, 64) // "+25 to Frozen Orb"
+	b := NewStat("item_nonclassskill", 5, 64)  // "+5 to Frozen Orb"
+
+	c, err := a.Combine(b)
+
+	if err != nil || c.String() != "+30 to Frozen Orb" {
+		t.Errorf("stats combination failed\r%s", err)
+	}
+
+	d := NewStat("item_nonclassskill", 5, 37) // "+5 to Warmth"
+	_, err = c.Combine(d)
+
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Error("stats were combined when they should not have been.")
+	}
+}
diff --git a/d2core/d2stats/diablo2stats/stat_value.go b/d2core/d2stats/diablo2stats/stat_value.go
index a8041b8a..080a643b 100644
--- a/d2core/d2stats/diablo2stats/stat_value.go
+++ b/d2core/d2stats/diablo2stats/stat_value.go
@@ -9,28 +9,34 @@ var _ d2stats.StatValue = &Diablo2StatValue{}
 
 // Diablo2StatValue is a diablo 2 implementation of a stat value
 type Diablo2StatValue struct {
-	number    float64
-	_stringer func(d2stats.StatValue) string
-	_type     d2stats.StatValueType
+	number      float64
+	stringerFn  func(d2stats.StatValue) string
+	numberType  d2stats.StatNumberType
+	combineType d2stats.ValueCombineType
 }
 
-// Type returns the stat value type
-func (sv *Diablo2StatValue) Type() d2stats.StatValueType {
-	return sv._type
+// NumberType returns the stat value type
+func (sv *Diablo2StatValue) NumberType() d2stats.StatNumberType {
+	return sv.numberType
+}
+
+// CombineType returns the stat value combination type
+func (sv *Diablo2StatValue) CombineType() d2stats.ValueCombineType {
+	return sv.combineType
 }
 
 // Clone returns a deep copy of the stat value
 func (sv Diablo2StatValue) Clone() d2stats.StatValue {
 	clone := &Diablo2StatValue{}
 
-	switch sv._type {
+	switch sv.numberType {
 	case d2stats.StatValueInt:
 		clone.SetInt(sv.Int())
 	case d2stats.StatValueFloat:
 		clone.SetFloat(sv.Float())
 	}
 
-	clone._stringer = sv._stringer
+	clone.stringerFn = sv.stringerFn
 
 	return clone
 }
@@ -42,7 +48,7 @@ func (sv *Diablo2StatValue) Int() int {
 
 // String returns a string version of the value
 func (sv *Diablo2StatValue) String() string {
-	return sv._stringer(sv)
+	return sv.stringerFn(sv)
 }
 
 // Float returns a float64 version of the value
@@ -66,11 +72,11 @@ func (sv *Diablo2StatValue) SetFloat(f float64) d2stats.StatValue {
 
 // Stringer returns the string evaluation function
 func (sv *Diablo2StatValue) Stringer() func(d2stats.StatValue) string {
-	return sv._stringer
+	return sv.stringerFn
 }
 
 // SetStringer sets the string evaluation function
 func (sv *Diablo2StatValue) SetStringer(f func(d2stats.StatValue) string) d2stats.StatValue {
-	sv._stringer = f
+	sv.stringerFn = f
 	return sv
 }
diff --git a/d2core/d2stats/diablo2stats/statlist.go b/d2core/d2stats/diablo2stats/statlist.go
index 32e9fefd..d9393535 100644
--- a/d2core/d2stats/diablo2stats/statlist.go
+++ b/d2core/d2stats/diablo2stats/statlist.go
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/OpenDiablo2/OpenDiablo2/d2core/d2stats"
 )
 
-// static check that Diablo2Stat implements Stat
+// static check that diablo2Stat implements Stat
 var _ d2stats.StatList = &Diablo2StatList{}
 
 // Diablo2StatList is a diablo 2 implementation of a stat list
diff --git a/d2core/d2stats/diablo2stats/statlist_test.go b/d2core/d2stats/diablo2stats/statlist_test.go
index 8bc50e61..0a9a2628 100644
--- a/d2core/d2stats/diablo2stats/statlist_test.go
+++ b/d2core/d2stats/diablo2stats/statlist_test.go
@@ -3,13 +3,11 @@ package diablo2stats
 import (
 	"testing"
 
-	"github.com/OpenDiablo2/OpenDiablo2/d2common/d2data/d2datadict"
 	"github.com/OpenDiablo2/OpenDiablo2/d2core/d2stats"
 )
 
 func TestDiablo2StatList_Index(t *testing.T) {
-	record := d2datadict.ItemStatCosts["strength"]
-	strength := NewStat(record, intVal(10))
+	strength := NewStat("strength", 10)
 
 	list1 := &Diablo2StatList{stats: []d2stats.Stat{strength}}
 	if list1.Index(0) != strength {
@@ -18,8 +16,7 @@ func TestDiablo2StatList_Index(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestStatList_Clone(t *testing.T) {
-	record := d2datadict.ItemStatCosts["strength"]
-	strength := NewStat(record, intVal(10))
+	strength := NewStat("strength", 10)
 
 	list1 := &Diablo2StatList{}
 	list1.Push(strength)
@@ -40,56 +37,42 @@ func TestStatList_Clone(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestStatList_Reduce(t *testing.T) {
-	records := []*d2datadict.ItemStatCostRecord{
-		d2datadict.ItemStatCosts["strength"],
-		d2datadict.ItemStatCosts["energy"],
-		d2datadict.ItemStatCosts["dexterity"],
-		d2datadict.ItemStatCosts["vitality"],
-	}
-
 	stats := []d2stats.Stat{
-		NewStat(records[0], intVal(1)),
-		NewStat(records[0], intVal(1)),
-		NewStat(records[0], intVal(1)),
-		NewStat(records[0], intVal(1)),
+		NewStat("strength", 1),
+		NewStat("strength", 1),
+		NewStat("strength", 1),
+		NewStat("strength", 1),
 	}
 
 	list := NewStatList(stats...)
 	reduction := list.ReduceStats()
 
 	if len(reduction.Stats()) != 1 || reduction.Index(0).String() != "+4 to Strength" {
-		t.Errorf("Diablo2Stat reduction failed")
+		t.Errorf("diablo2Stat reduction failed")
 	}
 
 	stats = []d2stats.Stat{
-		NewStat(records[0], intVal(1)),
-		NewStat(records[1], intVal(1)),
-		NewStat(records[2], intVal(1)),
-		NewStat(records[3], intVal(1)),
+		NewStat("strength", 1),
+		NewStat("energy", 1),
+		NewStat("dexterity", 1),
+		NewStat("vitality", 1),
 	}
 
 	list = NewStatList(stats...)
 	reduction = list.ReduceStats()
 
 	if len(reduction.Stats()) != 4 {
-		t.Errorf("Diablo2Stat reduction failed")
+		t.Errorf("diablo2Stat reduction failed")
 	}
 }
 
 func TestStatList_Append(t *testing.T) {
-	records := []*d2datadict.ItemStatCostRecord{
-		d2datadict.ItemStatCosts["strength"],
-		d2datadict.ItemStatCosts["energy"],
-		d2datadict.ItemStatCosts["dexterity"],
-		d2datadict.ItemStatCosts["vitality"],
-	}
-
 	list1 := &Diablo2StatList{
 		[]d2stats.Stat{
-			NewStat(records[0], intVal(1)),
-			NewStat(records[1], intVal(1)),
-			NewStat(records[2], intVal(1)),
-			NewStat(records[3], intVal(1)),
+			NewStat("strength", 1),
+			NewStat("energy", 1),
+			NewStat("dexterity", 1),
+			NewStat("vitality", 1),
 		},
 	}
 	list2 := list1.Clone()
@@ -97,10 +80,10 @@ func TestStatList_Append(t *testing.T) {
 	list3 := list1.AppendStatList(list2)
 
 	if len(list3.Stats()) != 8 {
-		t.Errorf("Diablo2Stat append failed")
+		t.Errorf("diablo2Stat append failed")
 	}
 
 	if len(list3.ReduceStats().Stats()) != 4 {
-		t.Errorf("Diablo2Stat append failed")
+		t.Errorf("diablo2Stat append failed")
 	}
 }
diff --git a/d2core/d2stats/stat_value.go b/d2core/d2stats/stat_value.go
index 289f18ff..b2d32e17 100644
--- a/d2core/d2stats/stat_value.go
+++ b/d2core/d2stats/stat_value.go
@@ -1,19 +1,51 @@
 package d2stats
 
-// StatValueType is a value type for a stat value
-type StatValueType int
+// StatNumberType is a value type for a stat value
+type StatNumberType int
 
 //  Stat value types
 const (
-	StatValueInt StatValueType = iota
+	StatValueInt StatNumberType = iota
 	StatValueFloat
 )
 
+// ValueCombineType is a rule for combining stat values
+type ValueCombineType int
+
+const (
+	// StatValueCombineSum means that the values are simply summed
+	StatValueCombineSum ValueCombineType = iota
+
+	// StatValueCombineStatic means that values can be combined only if they
+	// have the same number value, and that the combination does not alter
+	// the number value. This is typically for things like static skill level
+	// monster/skill index for on proc stats where it doesnt make sense to sum
+	// the values
+	// example 1:
+	//	if
+	//		Stat_A := `25% chance to cast level 2 Frozen Orb on attack`
+	//		Stat_B := `25% chance to cast level 3 Frozen Orb on attack`
+	// then
+	// 		Stat_A can NOT be combined with Stat_B
+	//		even though the skills are the same, the levels are different
+	//
+	// example 2:
+	//	if
+	//		Stat_A := `25% chance to cast level 20 Frost Nova on attack`
+	//		Stat_B := `25% chance to cast level 20 Frost Nova on attack`
+	// then
+	// 		the skills and skill levels are the same, so it can be combined
+	//		(Stat_A + Stat_B) == `50% chance to cast level 20 Frost Nova on attack`
+	StatValueCombineStatic
+)
+
 // StatValue is something that can have both integer and float
 // number components, as well as a means of retrieving a string for
 // its values.
 type StatValue interface {
-	Type() StatValueType
+	NumberType() StatNumberType
+	CombineType() ValueCombineType
+
 	Clone() StatValue
 
 	SetInt(int) StatValue