mirror of
https://github.com/thangisme/notes.git
synced 2024-11-01 00:27:24 -04:00
332 lines
8.7 KiB
Markdown
332 lines
8.7 KiB
Markdown
# Browserslist
|
||
|
||
Library to share supported browsers list between different front-end tools.
|
||
It is used in [Autoprefixer], [Stylelint], [eslint-plugin-compat]
|
||
and [babel-env-preset].
|
||
|
||
All tools that rely on Browserslist will find its config automatically,
|
||
when you add the following to `package.json`:
|
||
|
||
```json
|
||
{
|
||
"browserslist": [
|
||
"> 1%",
|
||
"last 2 versions"
|
||
]
|
||
}
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
Or in `browserslist` config:
|
||
|
||
```yaml
|
||
# Browsers that we support
|
||
|
||
> 1%
|
||
Last 2 versions
|
||
IE 10 # sorry
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
Developers set browsers list in queries like `last 2 version`
|
||
to be free from updating browser versions manually.
|
||
Browserslist will use [Can i Use] data for this queries.
|
||
|
||
Browserslist will take browsers queries from tool option,
|
||
`browserslist` config, `browserslist` section in `package.json`
|
||
or environment variables.
|
||
|
||
You can test Browserslist queries in [online demo].
|
||
|
||
<a href="https://evilmartians.com/?utm_source=browserslist">
|
||
<img src="https://evilmartians.com/badges/sponsored-by-evil-martians.svg"
|
||
alt="Sponsored by Evil Martians"
|
||
width="236"
|
||
height="54"
|
||
\>
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
[eslint-plugin-compat]: https://github.com/amilajack/eslint-plugin-compat
|
||
[babel-env-preset]: https://github.com/babel/babel-preset-env
|
||
[Autoprefixer]: https://github.com/postcss/autoprefixer
|
||
[online demo]: http://browserl.ist/
|
||
[Stylelint]: http://stylelint.io/
|
||
[Can I Use]: http://caniuse.com/
|
||
|
||
## Queries
|
||
|
||
Browserslist will use browsers query from one of this sources:
|
||
|
||
1. Tool options. For example `browsers` option in Autoprefixer.
|
||
2. `BROWSERSLIST` environment variable.
|
||
3. `browserslist` config file in current or parent directories.
|
||
4. `browserslist` key in `package.json` file in current or parent directories.
|
||
5. If the above methods did not produce a valid result
|
||
Browserslist will use defaults: `> 1%, last 2 versions, Firefox ESR`.
|
||
|
||
We recommends to write queries in `browserslist` config or `package.json`.
|
||
|
||
You can specify the versions by queries (case insensitive):
|
||
|
||
* `last 2 versions`: the last 2 versions for each major browser.
|
||
* `last 2 Chrome versions`: the last 2 versions of Chrome browser.
|
||
* `> 5%`: versions selected by global usage statistics.
|
||
* `> 5% in US`: uses USA usage statistics. It accepts [two-letter country code].
|
||
* `> 5% in my stats`: uses [custom usage data].
|
||
* `ie 6-8`: selects an inclusive range of versions.
|
||
* `Firefox > 20`: versions of Firefox newer than 20.
|
||
* `Firefox >= 20`: versions of Firefox newer than or equal to 20.
|
||
* `Firefox < 20`: versions of Firefox less than 20.
|
||
* `Firefox <= 20`: versions of Firefox less than or equal to 20.
|
||
* `Firefox ESR`: the latest [Firefox ESR] version.
|
||
* `iOS 7`: the iOS browser version 7 directly.
|
||
* `not ie <= 8`: exclude browsers selected before by previous queries.
|
||
You can add `not ` to any query.
|
||
|
||
Browserslist works with separated versions of browsers.
|
||
You should avoid queries like `Firefox > 0`.
|
||
|
||
Multiple criteria are combined as a boolean `OR`. A browser version must match
|
||
at least one of the criteria to be selected.
|
||
|
||
All queries are based on the [Can I Use] support table,
|
||
e.g. `last 3 iOS versions` might select `8.4, 9.2, 9.3` (mixed major and minor),
|
||
whereas `last 3 Chrome versions` might select `50, 49, 48` (major only).
|
||
|
||
[two-letter country code]: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_3166-1_alpha-2#Officially_assigned_code_elements
|
||
[custom usage data]: #custom-usage-data
|
||
[Can I Use]: http://caniuse.com/
|
||
|
||
## Browsers
|
||
|
||
Names are case insensitive:
|
||
|
||
### Major Browsers
|
||
|
||
* `Chrome` for Google Chrome.
|
||
* `Firefox` or `ff` for Mozilla Firefox.
|
||
* `Explorer` or `ie` for Internet Explorer.
|
||
* `Edge` for Microsoft Edge.
|
||
* `iOS` or `ios_saf` for iOS Safari.
|
||
* `Opera` for Opera.
|
||
* `Safari` for desktop Safari.
|
||
* `ExplorerMobile` or `ie_mob` for Internet Explorer Mobile.
|
||
|
||
### Others
|
||
|
||
* `Android` for Android WebView.
|
||
* `BlackBerry` or `bb` for Blackberry browser.
|
||
* `ChromeAndroid` or `and_chr` for Chrome for Android
|
||
(in Other section, because mostly same as common `Chrome`).
|
||
* `FirefoxAndroid` or `and_ff` for Firefox for Android.
|
||
* `OperaMobile` or `op_mob` for Opera Mobile.
|
||
* `OperaMini` or `op_mini` for Opera Mini.
|
||
* `Samsung` for Samsung Internet.
|
||
* `UCAndroid` or `and_uc` for UC Browser for Android.
|
||
* `Electron` for Electron framework. It will be converted to Chrome version.
|
||
|
||
### Electron
|
||
|
||
[`electron-to-chromium`](https://www.npmjs.com/package/electron-to-chromium)
|
||
could return a compatible Browserslist query
|
||
for your (major) Electron version:
|
||
|
||
```js
|
||
const e2c = require('electron-to-chromium')
|
||
autoprefixer({
|
||
browsers: e2c.electronToBrowserList('1.4') //=> "Chrome >= 53"
|
||
})
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
## Config File
|
||
|
||
Browserslist config should be named `browserslist` and have browsers queries
|
||
split by a new line. Comments starts with `#` symbol:
|
||
|
||
```yaml
|
||
# Browsers that we support
|
||
|
||
> 1%
|
||
Last 2 versions
|
||
IE 8 # sorry
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
Browserslist will check config in every directory in `path`.
|
||
So, if tool process `app/styles/main.css`, you can put config to root,
|
||
`app/` or `app/styles`.
|
||
|
||
You can specify direct path in `BROWSERSLIST_CONFIG` environment variables.
|
||
|
||
## `package.json`
|
||
|
||
If you want to reduce config files in project root, you can specify
|
||
browsers in `package.json` with `browserslist` key:
|
||
|
||
```js
|
||
{
|
||
"private": true,
|
||
"dependencies": {
|
||
"autoprefixer": "^6.5.4"
|
||
},
|
||
"browserslist": [
|
||
"> 1%",
|
||
"last 2 versions"
|
||
]
|
||
}
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
## Environments
|
||
|
||
You can also specify different browser queries for various environments.
|
||
Browserslist will choose query according to `BROWSERSLIST_ENV` or `NODE_ENV`
|
||
variables. If none of them is declared, Browserslist will firstly look
|
||
for `development` queries and then use defaults.
|
||
|
||
In `package.json`:
|
||
|
||
```js
|
||
{
|
||
…
|
||
"browserslist": {
|
||
"production": [
|
||
"last 2 version",
|
||
"ie 9"
|
||
],
|
||
"development": [
|
||
"last 1 version"
|
||
]
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
In `browserslist` config:
|
||
|
||
```ini
|
||
[production]
|
||
last 2 version
|
||
ie 9
|
||
|
||
[development]
|
||
last 1 version
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
## Environment Variables
|
||
|
||
If some tool use Browserslist inside, you can change browsers settings
|
||
by [environment variables]:
|
||
|
||
* `BROWSERSLIST` with browsers queries.
|
||
|
||
```sh
|
||
BROWSERSLIST="> 5%" gulp css
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
* `BROWSERSLIST_CONFIG` with path to config file.
|
||
|
||
```sh
|
||
BROWSERSLIST_CONFIG=./config/browserslist gulp css
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
* `BROWSERSLIST_ENV` with environments string.
|
||
|
||
```sh
|
||
BROWSERSLIST_ENV="development" gulp css
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
* `BROWSERSLIST_STATS` with path to the custom usage data
|
||
for `> 1% in my stats` query.
|
||
|
||
```sh
|
||
BROWSERSLIST_STATS=./config/usage_data.json gulp css
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
[environment variables]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environment_variable
|
||
|
||
## Custom Usage Data
|
||
|
||
If you have a website, you can query against the usage statistics of your site:
|
||
|
||
1. Import your Google Analytics data into [Can I Use].
|
||
Press `Import…` button in Settings page.
|
||
2. Open browser DevTools on [Can I Use] and paste this snippet
|
||
into the browser console:
|
||
|
||
```js
|
||
var e=document.createElement('a');e.setAttribute('href', 'data:text/plain;charset=utf-8,'+encodeURIComponent(JSON.stringify(JSON.parse(localStorage['usage-data-by-id'])[localStorage['config-primary_usage']])));e.setAttribute('download','stats.json');document.body.appendChild(e);e.click();document.body.removeChild(e);
|
||
```
|
||
3. Save the data to a `browserslist-stats.json` file in your project.
|
||
|
||
Of course, you can generate usage statistics file by any other method.
|
||
File format should be like:
|
||
|
||
```js
|
||
{
|
||
"ie": {
|
||
"6": 0.01,
|
||
"7": 0.4,
|
||
"8": 1.5
|
||
},
|
||
"chrome": {
|
||
…
|
||
},
|
||
…
|
||
}
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
Note that you can query against your custom usage data
|
||
while also querying against global or regional data.
|
||
For example, the query `> 1% in my stats, > 5% in US, 10%` is permitted.
|
||
|
||
[Can I Use]: http://caniuse.com/
|
||
|
||
## JS API
|
||
|
||
```js
|
||
var browserslist = require('browserslist');
|
||
|
||
// Your CSS/JS build tool code
|
||
var process = function (source, opts) {
|
||
var browsers = browserslist(opts.browsers, {
|
||
stats: opts.stats,
|
||
path: opts.file,
|
||
env: opts.env
|
||
});
|
||
// Your code to add features for selected browsers
|
||
}
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
Queries can be a string `"> 5%, last 1 version"`
|
||
or an array `['> 5%', 'last 1 version']`.
|
||
|
||
If a query is missing, Browserslist will look for a config file.
|
||
You can provide a `path` option (that can be a file) to find the config file
|
||
relatively to it.
|
||
|
||
For non-JS environment and debug purpose you can use CLI tool:
|
||
|
||
```sh
|
||
browserslist "> 1%, last 2 versions"
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
## Coverage
|
||
|
||
You can get total users coverage for selected browsers by JS API:
|
||
|
||
```js
|
||
browserslist.coverage(browserslist('> 1%')) //=> 81.4
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
```js
|
||
browserslist.coverage(browserslist('> 1% in US'), 'US') //=> 83.1
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
Or by CLI:
|
||
|
||
```sh
|
||
$ browserslist --coverage "> 1%"
|
||
These browsers account for 81.4% of all users globally
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
```sh
|
||
$ browserslist --coverage=US "> 1% in US"
|
||
These browsers account for 83.1% of all users in the US
|
||
```
|