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gitea/vendor/xorm.io/xorm/README.md
Lunny Xiao 514201af5d
Upgrade xorm to v1.0.4 (#12694)
2020-09-03 02:58:04 +01:00

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# xorm
[中文](https://gitea.com/xorm/xorm/src/branch/master/README_CN.md)
Xorm is a simple and powerful ORM for Go.
[![Build Status](https://drone.gitea.com/api/badges/xorm/xorm/status.svg)](https://drone.gitea.com/xorm/xorm) [![](http://gocover.io/_badge/xorm.io/xorm)](https://gocover.io/xorm.io/xorm) [![](https://goreportcard.com/badge/xorm.io/xorm)](https://goreportcard.com/report/xorm.io/xorm) [![Join the chat at https://img.shields.io/discord/323460943201959939.svg](https://img.shields.io/discord/323460943201959939.svg)](https://discord.gg/HuR2CF3)
## Notice
v1.0.0 has some break changes from v0.8.2.
- Removed some non gonic function name `Id`, `Sql`, please use `ID`, `SQL` instead.
- Removed the dependent from `xorm.io/core` and moved the codes to `xorm.io/xorm/core`, `xorm.io/xorm/names`, `xorm.io/xorm/schemas` and others.
- Renamed some interface names. i.e. `core.IMapper` -> `names.Mapper`, `core.ILogger` -> `log.Logger`.
## Features
* Struct <-> Table Mapping Support
* Chainable APIs
* Transaction Support
* Both ORM and raw SQL operation Support
* Sync database schema Support
* Query Cache speed up
* Database Reverse support via [xorm.io/reverse](https://xorm.io/reverse)
* Simple cascade loading support
* Optimistic Locking support
* SQL Builder support via [xorm.io/builder](https://xorm.io/builder)
* Automatical Read/Write seperatelly
* Postgres schema support
* Context Cache support
* Support log/SQLLog context
## Drivers Support
Drivers for Go's sql package which currently support database/sql includes:
* [Mysql5.*](https://github.com/mysql/mysql-server/tree/5.7) / [Mysql8.*](https://github.com/mysql/mysql-server) / [Mariadb](https://github.com/MariaDB/server) / [Tidb](https://github.com/pingcap/tidb)
- [github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql](https://github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql)
- [github.com/ziutek/mymysql/godrv](https://github.com/ziutek/mymysql/godrv)
* [Postgres](https://github.com/postgres/postgres) / [Cockroach](https://github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach)
- [github.com/lib/pq](https://github.com/lib/pq)
* [SQLite](https://sqlite.org)
- [github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3](https://github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3)
* MsSql
- [github.com/denisenkom/go-mssqldb](https://github.com/denisenkom/go-mssqldb)
* Oracle
- [github.com/mattn/go-oci8](https://github.com/mattn/go-oci8) (experiment)
## Installation
go get xorm.io/xorm
## Documents
* [Manual](http://xorm.io/docs)
* [GoDoc](http://pkg.go.dev/xorm.io/xorm)
## Quick Start
* Create Engine
Firstly, we should new an engine for a database.
```Go
engine, err := xorm.NewEngine(driverName, dataSourceName)
```
* Define a struct and Sync2 table struct to database
```Go
type User struct {
Id int64
Name string
Salt string
Age int
Passwd string `xorm:"varchar(200)"`
Created time.Time `xorm:"created"`
Updated time.Time `xorm:"updated"`
}
err := engine.Sync2(new(User))
```
* Create Engine Group
```Go
dataSourceNameSlice := []string{masterDataSourceName, slave1DataSourceName, slave2DataSourceName}
engineGroup, err := xorm.NewEngineGroup(driverName, dataSourceNameSlice)
```
```Go
masterEngine, err := xorm.NewEngine(driverName, masterDataSourceName)
slave1Engine, err := xorm.NewEngine(driverName, slave1DataSourceName)
slave2Engine, err := xorm.NewEngine(driverName, slave2DataSourceName)
engineGroup, err := xorm.NewEngineGroup(masterEngine, []*Engine{slave1Engine, slave2Engine})
```
Then all place where `engine` you can just use `engineGroup`.
* `Query` runs a SQL string, the returned results is `[]map[string][]byte`, `QueryString` returns `[]map[string]string`, `QueryInterface` returns `[]map[string]interface{}`.
```Go
results, err := engine.Query("select * from user")
results, err := engine.Where("a = 1").Query()
results, err := engine.QueryString("select * from user")
results, err := engine.Where("a = 1").QueryString()
results, err := engine.QueryInterface("select * from user")
results, err := engine.Where("a = 1").QueryInterface()
```
* `Exec` runs a SQL string, it returns `affected` and `error`
```Go
affected, err := engine.Exec("update user set age = ? where name = ?", age, name)
```
* `Insert` one or multiple records to database
```Go
affected, err := engine.Insert(&user)
// INSERT INTO struct () values ()
affected, err := engine.Insert(&user1, &user2)
// INSERT INTO struct1 () values ()
// INSERT INTO struct2 () values ()
affected, err := engine.Insert(&users)
// INSERT INTO struct () values (),(),()
affected, err := engine.Insert(&user1, &users)
// INSERT INTO struct1 () values ()
// INSERT INTO struct2 () values (),(),()
```
* `Get` query one record from database
```Go
has, err := engine.Get(&user)
// SELECT * FROM user LIMIT 1
has, err := engine.Where("name = ?", name).Desc("id").Get(&user)
// SELECT * FROM user WHERE name = ? ORDER BY id DESC LIMIT 1
var name string
has, err := engine.Table(&user).Where("id = ?", id).Cols("name").Get(&name)
// SELECT name FROM user WHERE id = ?
var id int64
has, err := engine.Table(&user).Where("name = ?", name).Cols("id").Get(&id)
has, err := engine.SQL("select id from user").Get(&id)
// SELECT id FROM user WHERE name = ?
var valuesMap = make(map[string]string)
has, err := engine.Table(&user).Where("id = ?", id).Get(&valuesMap)
// SELECT * FROM user WHERE id = ?
var valuesSlice = make([]interface{}, len(cols))
has, err := engine.Table(&user).Where("id = ?", id).Cols(cols...).Get(&valuesSlice)
// SELECT col1, col2, col3 FROM user WHERE id = ?
```
* `Exist` check if one record exist on table
```Go
has, err := testEngine.Exist(new(RecordExist))
// SELECT * FROM record_exist LIMIT 1
has, err = testEngine.Exist(&RecordExist{
Name: "test1",
})
// SELECT * FROM record_exist WHERE name = ? LIMIT 1
has, err = testEngine.Where("name = ?", "test1").Exist(&RecordExist{})
// SELECT * FROM record_exist WHERE name = ? LIMIT 1
has, err = testEngine.SQL("select * from record_exist where name = ?", "test1").Exist()
// select * from record_exist where name = ?
has, err = testEngine.Table("record_exist").Exist()
// SELECT * FROM record_exist LIMIT 1
has, err = testEngine.Table("record_exist").Where("name = ?", "test1").Exist()
// SELECT * FROM record_exist WHERE name = ? LIMIT 1
```
* `Find` query multiple records from database, also you can use join and extends
```Go
var users []User
err := engine.Where("name = ?", name).And("age > 10").Limit(10, 0).Find(&users)
// SELECT * FROM user WHERE name = ? AND age > 10 limit 10 offset 0
type Detail struct {
Id int64
UserId int64 `xorm:"index"`
}
type UserDetail struct {
User `xorm:"extends"`
Detail `xorm:"extends"`
}
var users []UserDetail
err := engine.Table("user").Select("user.*, detail.*").
Join("INNER", "detail", "detail.user_id = user.id").
Where("user.name = ?", name).Limit(10, 0).
Find(&users)
// SELECT user.*, detail.* FROM user INNER JOIN detail WHERE user.name = ? limit 10 offset 0
```
* `Iterate` and `Rows` query multiple records and record by record handle, there are two methods Iterate and Rows
```Go
err := engine.Iterate(&User{Name:name}, func(idx int, bean interface{}) error {
user := bean.(*User)
return nil
})
// SELECT * FROM user
err := engine.BufferSize(100).Iterate(&User{Name:name}, func(idx int, bean interface{}) error {
user := bean.(*User)
return nil
})
// SELECT * FROM user Limit 0, 100
// SELECT * FROM user Limit 101, 100
rows, err := engine.Rows(&User{Name:name})
// SELECT * FROM user
defer rows.Close()
bean := new(Struct)
for rows.Next() {
err = rows.Scan(bean)
}
```
* `Update` update one or more records, default will update non-empty and non-zero fields except when you use Cols, AllCols and so on.
```Go
affected, err := engine.ID(1).Update(&user)
// UPDATE user SET ... Where id = ?
affected, err := engine.Update(&user, &User{Name:name})
// UPDATE user SET ... Where name = ?
var ids = []int64{1, 2, 3}
affected, err := engine.In("id", ids).Update(&user)
// UPDATE user SET ... Where id IN (?, ?, ?)
// force update indicated columns by Cols
affected, err := engine.ID(1).Cols("age").Update(&User{Name:name, Age: 12})
// UPDATE user SET age = ?, updated=? Where id = ?
// force NOT update indicated columns by Omit
affected, err := engine.ID(1).Omit("name").Update(&User{Name:name, Age: 12})
// UPDATE user SET age = ?, updated=? Where id = ?
affected, err := engine.ID(1).AllCols().Update(&user)
// UPDATE user SET name=?,age=?,salt=?,passwd=?,updated=? Where id = ?
```
* `Delete` delete one or more records, Delete MUST have condition
```Go
affected, err := engine.Where(...).Delete(&user)
// DELETE FROM user Where ...
affected, err := engine.ID(2).Delete(&user)
// DELETE FROM user Where id = ?
```
* `Count` count records
```Go
counts, err := engine.Count(&user)
// SELECT count(*) AS total FROM user
```
* `FindAndCount` combines function `Find` with `Count` which is usually used in query by page
```Go
var users []User
counts, err := engine.FindAndCount(&users)
```
* `Sum` sum functions
```Go
agesFloat64, err := engine.Sum(&user, "age")
// SELECT sum(age) AS total FROM user
agesInt64, err := engine.SumInt(&user, "age")
// SELECT sum(age) AS total FROM user
sumFloat64Slice, err := engine.Sums(&user, "age", "score")
// SELECT sum(age), sum(score) FROM user
sumInt64Slice, err := engine.SumsInt(&user, "age", "score")
// SELECT sum(age), sum(score) FROM user
```
* Query conditions builder
```Go
err := engine.Where(builder.NotIn("a", 1, 2).And(builder.In("b", "c", "d", "e"))).Find(&users)
// SELECT id, name ... FROM user WHERE a NOT IN (?, ?) AND b IN (?, ?, ?)
```
* Multiple operations in one go routine, no transaction here but resue session memory
```Go
session := engine.NewSession()
defer session.Close()
user1 := Userinfo{Username: "xiaoxiao", Departname: "dev", Alias: "lunny", Created: time.Now()}
if _, err := session.Insert(&user1); err != nil {
return err
}
user2 := Userinfo{Username: "yyy"}
if _, err := session.Where("id = ?", 2).Update(&user2); err != nil {
return err
}
if _, err := session.Exec("delete from userinfo where username = ?", user2.Username); err != nil {
return err
}
return nil
```
* Transaction should be on one go routine. There is transaction and resue session memory
```Go
session := engine.NewSession()
defer session.Close()
// add Begin() before any action
if err := session.Begin(); err != nil {
// if returned then will rollback automatically
return err
}
user1 := Userinfo{Username: "xiaoxiao", Departname: "dev", Alias: "lunny", Created: time.Now()}
if _, err := session.Insert(&user1); err != nil {
return err
}
user2 := Userinfo{Username: "yyy"}
if _, err := session.Where("id = ?", 2).Update(&user2); err != nil {
return err
}
if _, err := session.Exec("delete from userinfo where username = ?", user2.Username); err != nil {
return err
}
// add Commit() after all actions
return session.Commit()
```
* Or you can use `Transaction` to replace above codes.
```Go
res, err := engine.Transaction(func(session *xorm.Session) (interface{}, error) {
user1 := Userinfo{Username: "xiaoxiao", Departname: "dev", Alias: "lunny", Created: time.Now()}
if _, err := session.Insert(&user1); err != nil {
return nil, err
}
user2 := Userinfo{Username: "yyy"}
if _, err := session.Where("id = ?", 2).Update(&user2); err != nil {
return nil, err
}
if _, err := session.Exec("delete from userinfo where username = ?", user2.Username); err != nil {
return nil, err
}
return nil, nil
})
```
* Context Cache, if enabled, current query result will be cached on session and be used by next same statement on the same session.
```Go
sess := engine.NewSession()
defer sess.Close()
var context = xorm.NewMemoryContextCache()
var c2 ContextGetStruct
has, err := sess.ID(1).ContextCache(context).Get(&c2)
assert.NoError(t, err)
assert.True(t, has)
assert.EqualValues(t, 1, c2.Id)
assert.EqualValues(t, "1", c2.Name)
sql, args := sess.LastSQL()
assert.True(t, len(sql) > 0)
assert.True(t, len(args) > 0)
var c3 ContextGetStruct
has, err = sess.ID(1).ContextCache(context).Get(&c3)
assert.NoError(t, err)
assert.True(t, has)
assert.EqualValues(t, 1, c3.Id)
assert.EqualValues(t, "1", c3.Name)
sql, args = sess.LastSQL()
assert.True(t, len(sql) == 0)
assert.True(t, len(args) == 0)
```
## Contributing
If you want to pull request, please see [CONTRIBUTING](https://gitea.com/xorm/xorm/src/branch/master/CONTRIBUTING.md). And you can also go to [Xorm on discourse](https://xorm.discourse.group) to discuss.
## Credits
### Contributors
This project exists thanks to all the people who contribute. [[Contribute](CONTRIBUTING.md)].
<a href="graphs/contributors"><img src="https://opencollective.com/xorm/contributors.svg?width=890&button=false" /></a>
### Backers
Thank you to all our backers! 🙏 [[Become a backer](https://opencollective.com/xorm#backer)]
<a href="https://opencollective.com/xorm#backers" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/xorm/backers.svg?width=890"></a>
### Sponsors
Support this project by becoming a sponsor. Your logo will show up here with a link to your website. [[Become a sponsor](https://opencollective.com/xorm#sponsor)]
## Changelog
You can find all the changelog [here](CHANGELOG.md)
## Cases
* [studygolang](http://studygolang.com/) - [github.com/studygolang/studygolang](https://github.com/studygolang/studygolang)
* [Gitea](http://gitea.io) - [github.com/go-gitea/gitea](http://github.com/go-gitea/gitea)
* [Gogs](http://try.gogits.org) - [github.com/gogits/gogs](http://github.com/gogits/gogs)
* [grafana](https://grafana.com/) - [github.com/grafana/grafana](http://github.com/grafana/grafana)
* [github.com/m3ng9i/qreader](https://github.com/m3ng9i/qreader)
* [Wego](http://github.com/go-tango/wego)
* [Docker.cn](https://docker.cn/)
* [Xorm Adapter](https://github.com/casbin/xorm-adapter) for [Casbin](https://github.com/casbin/casbin) - [github.com/casbin/xorm-adapter](https://github.com/casbin/xorm-adapter)
* [Gorevel](http://gorevel.cn/) - [github.com/goofcc/gorevel](http://github.com/goofcc/gorevel)
* [Gowalker](http://gowalker.org) - [github.com/Unknwon/gowalker](http://github.com/Unknwon/gowalker)
* [Gobuild.io](http://gobuild.io) - [github.com/shxsun/gobuild](http://github.com/shxsun/gobuild)
* [Sudo China](http://sudochina.com) - [github.com/insionng/toropress](http://github.com/insionng/toropress)
* [Godaily](http://godaily.org) - [github.com/govc/godaily](http://github.com/govc/godaily)
* [YouGam](http://www.yougam.com/)
* [GoCMS - github.com/zzboy/GoCMS](https://github.com/zzdboy/GoCMS)
* [GoBBS - gobbs.domolo.com](http://gobbs.domolo.com/)
* [go-blog](http://wangcheng.me) - [github.com/easykoo/go-blog](https://github.com/easykoo/go-blog)
## LICENSE
BSD License [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/BSD/](http://creativecommons.org/licenses/BSD/)
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