diff --git a/models/repo/avatar_test.go b/models/repo/avatar_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..fc1f8baeca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/models/repo/avatar_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+// Copyright 2024 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package repo
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/db"
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/setting"
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/test"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+)
+
+func TestRepoAvatarLink(t *testing.T) {
+	defer test.MockVariableValue(&setting.AppURL, "https://localhost/")()
+	defer test.MockVariableValue(&setting.AppSubURL, "")()
+
+	repo := &Repository{ID: 1, Avatar: "avatar.png"}
+	link := repo.AvatarLink(db.DefaultContext)
+	assert.Equal(t, "https://localhost/repo-avatars/avatar.png", link)
+
+	setting.AppURL = "https://localhost/sub-path/"
+	setting.AppSubURL = "/sub-path"
+	link = repo.AvatarLink(db.DefaultContext)
+	assert.Equal(t, "https://localhost/sub-path/repo-avatars/avatar.png", link)
+}
diff --git a/models/user/avatar.go b/models/user/avatar.go
index 921bc1b1a1..5453c78fc6 100644
--- a/models/user/avatar.go
+++ b/models/user/avatar.go
@@ -89,9 +89,11 @@ func (u *User) AvatarLinkWithSize(ctx context.Context, size int) string {
 	return avatars.GenerateEmailAvatarFastLink(ctx, u.AvatarEmail, size)
 }
 
-// AvatarLink returns the full avatar url with http host. TODO: refactor it to a relative URL, but it is still used in API response at the moment
+// AvatarLink returns the full avatar url with http host.
+// TODO: refactor it to a relative URL, but it is still used in API response at the moment
 func (u *User) AvatarLink(ctx context.Context) string {
-	return httplib.MakeAbsoluteURL(ctx, u.AvatarLinkWithSize(ctx, 0))
+	relLink := u.AvatarLinkWithSize(ctx, 0) // it can't be empty
+	return httplib.MakeAbsoluteURL(ctx, relLink)
 }
 
 // IsUploadAvatarChanged returns true if the current user's avatar would be changed with the provided data
diff --git a/models/user/avatar_test.go b/models/user/avatar_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1078875ee1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/models/user/avatar_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+// Copyright 2024 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package user
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/db"
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/setting"
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/test"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+)
+
+func TestUserAvatarLink(t *testing.T) {
+	defer test.MockVariableValue(&setting.AppURL, "https://localhost/")()
+	defer test.MockVariableValue(&setting.AppSubURL, "")()
+
+	u := &User{ID: 1, Avatar: "avatar.png"}
+	link := u.AvatarLink(db.DefaultContext)
+	assert.Equal(t, "https://localhost/avatars/avatar.png", link)
+
+	setting.AppURL = "https://localhost/sub-path/"
+	setting.AppSubURL = "/sub-path"
+	link = u.AvatarLink(db.DefaultContext)
+	assert.Equal(t, "https://localhost/sub-path/avatars/avatar.png", link)
+}
diff --git a/modules/base/natural_sort.go b/modules/base/natural_sort.go
index 0f90ec70ce..acb9002276 100644
--- a/modules/base/natural_sort.go
+++ b/modules/base/natural_sort.go
@@ -4,12 +4,67 @@
 package base
 
 import (
+	"unicode/utf8"
+
 	"golang.org/x/text/collate"
 	"golang.org/x/text/language"
 )
 
+func naturalSortGetRune(str string, pos int) (r rune, size int, has bool) {
+	if pos >= len(str) {
+		return 0, 0, false
+	}
+	r, size = utf8.DecodeRuneInString(str[pos:])
+	if r == utf8.RuneError {
+		r, size = rune(str[pos]), 1 // if invalid input, treat it as a single byte ascii
+	}
+	return r, size, true
+}
+
+func naturalSortAdvance(str string, pos int) (end int, isNumber bool) {
+	end = pos
+	for {
+		r, size, has := naturalSortGetRune(str, end)
+		if !has {
+			break
+		}
+		isCurRuneNum := '0' <= r && r <= '9'
+		if end == pos {
+			isNumber = isCurRuneNum
+			end += size
+		} else if isCurRuneNum == isNumber {
+			end += size
+		} else {
+			break
+		}
+	}
+	return end, isNumber
+}
+
 // NaturalSortLess compares two strings so that they could be sorted in natural order
 func NaturalSortLess(s1, s2 string) bool {
+	// There is a bug in Golang's collate package: https://github.com/golang/go/issues/67997
+	// text/collate: CompareString(collate.Numeric) returns wrong result for "0.0" vs "1.0" #67997
+	// So we need to handle the number parts by ourselves
 	c := collate.New(language.English, collate.Numeric)
-	return c.CompareString(s1, s2) < 0
+	pos1, pos2 := 0, 0
+	for pos1 < len(s1) && pos2 < len(s2) {
+		end1, isNum1 := naturalSortAdvance(s1, pos1)
+		end2, isNum2 := naturalSortAdvance(s2, pos2)
+		part1, part2 := s1[pos1:end1], s2[pos2:end2]
+		if isNum1 && isNum2 {
+			if part1 != part2 {
+				if len(part1) != len(part2) {
+					return len(part1) < len(part2)
+				}
+				return part1 < part2
+			}
+		} else {
+			if cmp := c.CompareString(part1, part2); cmp != 0 {
+				return cmp < 0
+			}
+		}
+		pos1, pos2 = end1, end2
+	}
+	return len(s1) < len(s2)
 }
diff --git a/modules/base/natural_sort_test.go b/modules/base/natural_sort_test.go
index f27a4eb53a..b001bc4ac9 100644
--- a/modules/base/natural_sort_test.go
+++ b/modules/base/natural_sort_test.go
@@ -10,21 +10,36 @@ import (
 )
 
 func TestNaturalSortLess(t *testing.T) {
-	test := func(s1, s2 string, less bool) {
-		assert.Equal(t, less, NaturalSortLess(s1, s2), "s1=%q, s2=%q", s1, s2)
+	testLess := func(s1, s2 string) {
+		assert.True(t, NaturalSortLess(s1, s2), "s1<s2 should be true: s1=%q, s2=%q", s1, s2)
+		assert.False(t, NaturalSortLess(s2, s1), "s2<s1 should be false: s1=%q, s2=%q", s1, s2)
+	}
+	testEqual := func(s1, s2 string) {
+		assert.False(t, NaturalSortLess(s1, s2), "s1<s2 should be false: s1=%q, s2=%q", s1, s2)
+		assert.False(t, NaturalSortLess(s2, s1), "s2<s1 should be false: s1=%q, s2=%q", s1, s2)
 	}
-	test("v1.20.0", "v1.2.0", false)
-	test("v1.20.0", "v1.29.0", true)
-	test("v1.20.0", "v1.20.0", false)
-	test("abc", "bcd", true)
-	test("a-1-a", "a-1-b", true)
-	test("2", "12", true)
-	test("a", "ab", true)
 
-	test("A", "b", true)
-	test("a", "B", true)
+	testEqual("", "")
+	testLess("", "a")
+	testLess("", "1")
 
-	test("cafe", "café", true)
-	test("café", "cafe", false)
-	test("caff", "café", false)
+	testLess("v1.2", "v1.2.0")
+	testLess("v1.2.0", "v1.10.0")
+	testLess("v1.20.0", "v1.29.0")
+	testEqual("v1.20.0", "v1.20.0")
+
+	testLess("a", "A")
+	testLess("a", "B")
+	testLess("A", "b")
+	testLess("A", "ab")
+
+	testLess("abc", "bcd")
+	testLess("a-1-a", "a-1-b")
+	testLess("2", "12")
+
+	testLess("cafe", "café")
+	testLess("café", "caff")
+
+	testLess("A-2", "A-11")
+	testLess("0.txt", "1.txt")
 }
diff --git a/modules/httplib/url.go b/modules/httplib/url.go
index 8dc5b71181..219dfe695c 100644
--- a/modules/httplib/url.go
+++ b/modules/httplib/url.go
@@ -57,11 +57,16 @@ func getForwardedHost(req *http.Request) string {
 	return req.Header.Get("X-Forwarded-Host")
 }
 
-// GuessCurrentAppURL tries to guess the current full URL by http headers. It always has a '/' suffix, exactly the same as setting.AppURL
+// GuessCurrentAppURL tries to guess the current full app URL (with sub-path) by http headers. It always has a '/' suffix, exactly the same as setting.AppURL
 func GuessCurrentAppURL(ctx context.Context) string {
+	return GuessCurrentHostURL(ctx) + setting.AppSubURL + "/"
+}
+
+// GuessCurrentHostURL tries to guess the current full host URL (no sub-path) by http headers, there is no trailing slash.
+func GuessCurrentHostURL(ctx context.Context) string {
 	req, ok := ctx.Value(RequestContextKey).(*http.Request)
 	if !ok {
-		return setting.AppURL
+		return strings.TrimSuffix(setting.AppURL, setting.AppSubURL+"/")
 	}
 	// If no scheme provided by reverse proxy, then do not guess the AppURL, use the configured one.
 	// At the moment, if site admin doesn't configure the proxy headers correctly, then Gitea would guess wrong.
@@ -74,20 +79,27 @@ func GuessCurrentAppURL(ctx context.Context) string {
 	// So in the future maybe it should introduce a new config option, to let site admin decide how to guess the AppURL.
 	reqScheme := getRequestScheme(req)
 	if reqScheme == "" {
-		return setting.AppURL
+		return strings.TrimSuffix(setting.AppURL, setting.AppSubURL+"/")
 	}
 	reqHost := getForwardedHost(req)
 	if reqHost == "" {
 		reqHost = req.Host
 	}
-	return reqScheme + "://" + reqHost + setting.AppSubURL + "/"
+	return reqScheme + "://" + reqHost
 }
 
-func MakeAbsoluteURL(ctx context.Context, s string) string {
-	if IsRelativeURL(s) {
-		return GuessCurrentAppURL(ctx) + strings.TrimPrefix(s, "/")
+// MakeAbsoluteURL tries to make a link to an absolute URL:
+// * If link is empty, it returns the current app URL.
+// * If link is absolute, it returns the link.
+// * Otherwise, it returns the current host URL + link, the link itself should have correct sub-path (AppSubURL) if needed.
+func MakeAbsoluteURL(ctx context.Context, link string) string {
+	if link == "" {
+		return GuessCurrentAppURL(ctx)
 	}
-	return s
+	if !IsRelativeURL(link) {
+		return link
+	}
+	return GuessCurrentHostURL(ctx) + "/" + strings.TrimPrefix(link, "/")
 }
 
 func IsCurrentGiteaSiteURL(ctx context.Context, s string) bool {
diff --git a/modules/httplib/url_test.go b/modules/httplib/url_test.go
index 9980cb74e8..28aaee6e12 100644
--- a/modules/httplib/url_test.go
+++ b/modules/httplib/url_test.go
@@ -46,14 +46,14 @@ func TestMakeAbsoluteURL(t *testing.T) {
 
 	ctx := context.Background()
 	assert.Equal(t, "http://cfg-host/sub/", MakeAbsoluteURL(ctx, ""))
-	assert.Equal(t, "http://cfg-host/sub/foo", MakeAbsoluteURL(ctx, "foo"))
-	assert.Equal(t, "http://cfg-host/sub/foo", MakeAbsoluteURL(ctx, "/foo"))
+	assert.Equal(t, "http://cfg-host/foo", MakeAbsoluteURL(ctx, "foo"))
+	assert.Equal(t, "http://cfg-host/foo", MakeAbsoluteURL(ctx, "/foo"))
 	assert.Equal(t, "http://other/foo", MakeAbsoluteURL(ctx, "http://other/foo"))
 
 	ctx = context.WithValue(ctx, RequestContextKey, &http.Request{
 		Host: "user-host",
 	})
-	assert.Equal(t, "http://cfg-host/sub/foo", MakeAbsoluteURL(ctx, "/foo"))
+	assert.Equal(t, "http://cfg-host/foo", MakeAbsoluteURL(ctx, "/foo"))
 
 	ctx = context.WithValue(ctx, RequestContextKey, &http.Request{
 		Host: "user-host",
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ func TestMakeAbsoluteURL(t *testing.T) {
 			"X-Forwarded-Host": {"forwarded-host"},
 		},
 	})
-	assert.Equal(t, "http://cfg-host/sub/foo", MakeAbsoluteURL(ctx, "/foo"))
+	assert.Equal(t, "http://cfg-host/foo", MakeAbsoluteURL(ctx, "/foo"))
 
 	ctx = context.WithValue(ctx, RequestContextKey, &http.Request{
 		Host: "user-host",
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ func TestMakeAbsoluteURL(t *testing.T) {
 			"X-Forwarded-Proto": {"https"},
 		},
 	})
-	assert.Equal(t, "https://forwarded-host/sub/foo", MakeAbsoluteURL(ctx, "/foo"))
+	assert.Equal(t, "https://forwarded-host/foo", MakeAbsoluteURL(ctx, "/foo"))
 }
 
 func TestIsCurrentGiteaSiteURL(t *testing.T) {
diff --git a/modules/markup/renderer.go b/modules/markup/renderer.go
index f372dcd5b7..3284a8194e 100644
--- a/modules/markup/renderer.go
+++ b/modules/markup/renderer.go
@@ -84,10 +84,10 @@ type RenderContext struct {
 }
 
 type Links struct {
-	AbsolutePrefix bool
-	Base           string
-	BranchPath     string
-	TreePath       string
+	AbsolutePrefix bool   // add absolute URL prefix to auto-resolved links like "#issue", but not for pre-provided links and medias
+	Base           string // base prefix for pre-provided links and medias (images, videos)
+	BranchPath     string // actually it is the ref path, eg: "branch/features/feat-12", "tag/v1.0"
+	TreePath       string // the dir of the file, eg: "doc" if the file "doc/CHANGE.md" is being rendered
 }
 
 func (l *Links) Prefix() string {
diff --git a/modules/structs/miscellaneous.go b/modules/structs/miscellaneous.go
index bff10f95b7..3b206c1dd7 100644
--- a/modules/structs/miscellaneous.go
+++ b/modules/structs/miscellaneous.go
@@ -25,7 +25,8 @@ type MarkupOption struct {
 	//
 	// in: body
 	Mode string
-	// Context to render
+	// URL path for rendering issue, media and file links
+	// Expected format: /subpath/{user}/{repo}/src/{branch, commit, tag}/{identifier/path}/{file/dir}
 	//
 	// in: body
 	Context string
@@ -53,7 +54,8 @@ type MarkdownOption struct {
 	//
 	// in: body
 	Mode string
-	// Context to render
+	// URL path for rendering issue, media and file links
+	// Expected format: /subpath/{user}/{repo}/src/{branch, commit, tag}/{identifier/path}/{file/dir}
 	//
 	// in: body
 	Context string
diff --git a/routers/api/packages/container/container.go b/routers/api/packages/container/container.go
index b0c4458d51..5007037bee 100644
--- a/routers/api/packages/container/container.go
+++ b/routers/api/packages/container/container.go
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ func apiErrorDefined(ctx *context.Context, err *namedError) {
 
 func apiUnauthorizedError(ctx *context.Context) {
 	// container registry requires that the "/v2" must be in the root, so the sub-path in AppURL should be removed
-	realmURL := strings.TrimSuffix(httplib.GuessCurrentAppURL(ctx), setting.AppSubURL+"/") + "/v2/token"
+	realmURL := httplib.GuessCurrentHostURL(ctx) + "/v2/token"
 	ctx.Resp.Header().Add("WWW-Authenticate", `Bearer realm="`+realmURL+`",service="container_registry",scope="*"`)
 	apiErrorDefined(ctx, errUnauthorized)
 }
diff --git a/routers/api/v1/misc/markup_test.go b/routers/api/v1/misc/markup_test.go
index 5236fd06ae..e2ab7141b7 100644
--- a/routers/api/v1/misc/markup_test.go
+++ b/routers/api/v1/misc/markup_test.go
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import (
 	go_context "context"
 	"io"
 	"net/http"
+	"path"
 	"strings"
 	"testing"
 
@@ -19,36 +20,40 @@ import (
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
 )
 
-const (
-	AppURL  = "http://localhost:3000/"
-	Repo    = "gogits/gogs"
-	FullURL = AppURL + Repo + "/"
-)
+const AppURL = "http://localhost:3000/"
 
-func testRenderMarkup(t *testing.T, mode, filePath, text, responseBody string, responseCode int) {
+func testRenderMarkup(t *testing.T, mode string, wiki bool, filePath, text, expectedBody string, expectedCode int) {
 	setting.AppURL = AppURL
+	context := "/gogits/gogs"
+	if !wiki {
+		context += path.Join("/src/branch/main", path.Dir(filePath))
+	}
 	options := api.MarkupOption{
 		Mode:     mode,
 		Text:     text,
-		Context:  Repo,
-		Wiki:     true,
+		Context:  context,
+		Wiki:     wiki,
 		FilePath: filePath,
 	}
 	ctx, resp := contexttest.MockAPIContext(t, "POST /api/v1/markup")
 	web.SetForm(ctx, &options)
 	Markup(ctx)
-	assert.Equal(t, responseBody, resp.Body.String())
-	assert.Equal(t, responseCode, resp.Code)
+	assert.Equal(t, expectedBody, resp.Body.String())
+	assert.Equal(t, expectedCode, resp.Code)
 	resp.Body.Reset()
 }
 
-func testRenderMarkdown(t *testing.T, mode, text, responseBody string, responseCode int) {
+func testRenderMarkdown(t *testing.T, mode string, wiki bool, text, responseBody string, responseCode int) {
 	setting.AppURL = AppURL
+	context := "/gogits/gogs"
+	if !wiki {
+		context += "/src/branch/main"
+	}
 	options := api.MarkdownOption{
 		Mode:    mode,
 		Text:    text,
-		Context: Repo,
-		Wiki:    true,
+		Context: context,
+		Wiki:    wiki,
 	}
 	ctx, resp := contexttest.MockAPIContext(t, "POST /api/v1/markdown")
 	web.SetForm(ctx, &options)
@@ -65,7 +70,7 @@ func TestAPI_RenderGFM(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	})
 
-	testCasesCommon := []string{
+	testCasesWiki := []string{
 		// dear imgui wiki markdown extract: special wiki syntax
 		`Wiki! Enjoy :)
 - [[Links, Language bindings, Engine bindings|Links]]
@@ -74,20 +79,20 @@ func TestAPI_RenderGFM(t *testing.T) {
 		// rendered
 		`<p>Wiki! Enjoy :)</p>
 <ul>
-<li><a href="` + FullURL + `wiki/Links" rel="nofollow">Links, Language bindings, Engine bindings</a></li>
-<li><a href="` + FullURL + `wiki/Tips" rel="nofollow">Tips</a></li>
-<li>Bezier widget (by <a href="` + AppURL + `r-lyeh" rel="nofollow">@r-lyeh</a>) <a href="https://github.com/ocornut/imgui/issues/786" rel="nofollow">https://github.com/ocornut/imgui/issues/786</a></li>
+<li><a href="http://localhost:3000/gogits/gogs/wiki/Links" rel="nofollow">Links, Language bindings, Engine bindings</a></li>
+<li><a href="http://localhost:3000/gogits/gogs/wiki/Tips" rel="nofollow">Tips</a></li>
+<li>Bezier widget (by <a href="http://localhost:3000/r-lyeh" rel="nofollow">@r-lyeh</a>) <a href="https://github.com/ocornut/imgui/issues/786" rel="nofollow">https://github.com/ocornut/imgui/issues/786</a></li>
 </ul>
 `,
 		// Guard wiki sidebar: special syntax
 		`[[Guardfile-DSL / Configuring-Guard|Guardfile-DSL---Configuring-Guard]]`,
 		// rendered
-		`<p><a href="` + FullURL + `wiki/Guardfile-DSL---Configuring-Guard" rel="nofollow">Guardfile-DSL / Configuring-Guard</a></p>
+		`<p><a href="http://localhost:3000/gogits/gogs/wiki/Guardfile-DSL---Configuring-Guard" rel="nofollow">Guardfile-DSL / Configuring-Guard</a></p>
 `,
 		// special syntax
 		`[[Name|Link]]`,
 		// rendered
-		`<p><a href="` + FullURL + `wiki/Link" rel="nofollow">Name</a></p>
+		`<p><a href="http://localhost:3000/gogits/gogs/wiki/Link" rel="nofollow">Name</a></p>
 `,
 		// empty
 		``,
@@ -95,7 +100,7 @@ func TestAPI_RenderGFM(t *testing.T) {
 		``,
 	}
 
-	testCasesDocument := []string{
+	testCasesWikiDocument := []string{
 		// wine-staging wiki home extract: special wiki syntax, images
 		`## What is Wine Staging?
 **Wine Staging** on website [wine-staging.com](http://wine-staging.com).
@@ -111,31 +116,48 @@ Here are some links to the most important topics. You can find the full list of
 <p><strong>Wine Staging</strong> on website <a href="http://wine-staging.com" rel="nofollow">wine-staging.com</a>.</p>
 <h2 id="user-content-quick-links">Quick Links</h2>
 <p>Here are some links to the most important topics. You can find the full list of pages at the sidebar.</p>
-<p><a href="` + FullURL + `wiki/Configuration" rel="nofollow">Configuration</a>
-<a href="` + FullURL + `wiki/raw/images/icon-bug.png" rel="nofollow"><img src="` + FullURL + `wiki/raw/images/icon-bug.png" title="icon-bug.png" alt="images/icon-bug.png"/></a></p>
+<p><a href="http://localhost:3000/gogits/gogs/wiki/Configuration" rel="nofollow">Configuration</a>
+<a href="http://localhost:3000/gogits/gogs/wiki/raw/images/icon-bug.png" rel="nofollow"><img src="http://localhost:3000/gogits/gogs/wiki/raw/images/icon-bug.png" title="icon-bug.png" alt="images/icon-bug.png"/></a></p>
 `,
 	}
 
-	for i := 0; i < len(testCasesCommon); i += 2 {
-		text := testCasesCommon[i]
-		response := testCasesCommon[i+1]
-		testRenderMarkdown(t, "gfm", text, response, http.StatusOK)
-		testRenderMarkup(t, "gfm", "", text, response, http.StatusOK)
-		testRenderMarkdown(t, "comment", text, response, http.StatusOK)
-		testRenderMarkup(t, "comment", "", text, response, http.StatusOK)
-		testRenderMarkup(t, "file", "path/test.md", text, response, http.StatusOK)
+	for i := 0; i < len(testCasesWiki); i += 2 {
+		text := testCasesWiki[i]
+		response := testCasesWiki[i+1]
+		testRenderMarkdown(t, "gfm", true, text, response, http.StatusOK)
+		testRenderMarkup(t, "gfm", true, "", text, response, http.StatusOK)
+		testRenderMarkdown(t, "comment", true, text, response, http.StatusOK)
+		testRenderMarkup(t, "comment", true, "", text, response, http.StatusOK)
+		testRenderMarkup(t, "file", true, "path/test.md", text, response, http.StatusOK)
 	}
 
-	for i := 0; i < len(testCasesDocument); i += 2 {
-		text := testCasesDocument[i]
-		response := testCasesDocument[i+1]
-		testRenderMarkdown(t, "gfm", text, response, http.StatusOK)
-		testRenderMarkup(t, "gfm", "", text, response, http.StatusOK)
-		testRenderMarkup(t, "file", "path/test.md", text, response, http.StatusOK)
+	for i := 0; i < len(testCasesWikiDocument); i += 2 {
+		text := testCasesWikiDocument[i]
+		response := testCasesWikiDocument[i+1]
+		testRenderMarkdown(t, "gfm", true, text, response, http.StatusOK)
+		testRenderMarkup(t, "gfm", true, "", text, response, http.StatusOK)
+		testRenderMarkup(t, "file", true, "path/test.md", text, response, http.StatusOK)
 	}
 
-	testRenderMarkup(t, "file", "path/test.unknown", "## Test", "Unsupported render extension: .unknown\n", http.StatusUnprocessableEntity)
-	testRenderMarkup(t, "unknown", "", "## Test", "Unknown mode: unknown\n", http.StatusUnprocessableEntity)
+	input := "[Link](test.md)\n![Image](image.png)"
+	testRenderMarkdown(t, "gfm", false, input, `<p><a href="http://localhost:3000/gogits/gogs/src/branch/main/test.md" rel="nofollow">Link</a>
+<a href="http://localhost:3000/gogits/gogs/media/branch/main/image.png" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener"><img src="http://localhost:3000/gogits/gogs/media/branch/main/image.png" alt="Image"/></a></p>
+`, http.StatusOK)
+
+	testRenderMarkdown(t, "gfm", false, input, `<p><a href="http://localhost:3000/gogits/gogs/src/branch/main/test.md" rel="nofollow">Link</a>
+<a href="http://localhost:3000/gogits/gogs/media/branch/main/image.png" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener"><img src="http://localhost:3000/gogits/gogs/media/branch/main/image.png" alt="Image"/></a></p>
+`, http.StatusOK)
+
+	testRenderMarkup(t, "gfm", false, "", input, `<p><a href="http://localhost:3000/gogits/gogs/src/branch/main/test.md" rel="nofollow">Link</a>
+<a href="http://localhost:3000/gogits/gogs/media/branch/main/image.png" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener"><img src="http://localhost:3000/gogits/gogs/media/branch/main/image.png" alt="Image"/></a></p>
+`, http.StatusOK)
+
+	testRenderMarkup(t, "file", false, "path/new-file.md", input, `<p><a href="http://localhost:3000/gogits/gogs/src/branch/main/path/test.md" rel="nofollow">Link</a>
+<a href="http://localhost:3000/gogits/gogs/media/branch/main/path/image.png" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener"><img src="http://localhost:3000/gogits/gogs/media/branch/main/path/image.png" alt="Image"/></a></p>
+`, http.StatusOK)
+
+	testRenderMarkup(t, "file", true, "path/test.unknown", "## Test", "Unsupported render extension: .unknown\n", http.StatusUnprocessableEntity)
+	testRenderMarkup(t, "unknown", true, "", "## Test", "Unknown mode: unknown\n", http.StatusUnprocessableEntity)
 }
 
 var simpleCases = []string{
@@ -160,7 +182,7 @@ func TestAPI_RenderSimple(t *testing.T) {
 	options := api.MarkdownOption{
 		Mode:    "markdown",
 		Text:    "",
-		Context: Repo,
+		Context: "/gogits/gogs",
 	}
 	ctx, resp := contexttest.MockAPIContext(t, "POST /api/v1/markdown")
 	for i := 0; i < len(simpleCases); i += 2 {
diff --git a/routers/common/markup.go b/routers/common/markup.go
index 2d5638ef61..242e9a3754 100644
--- a/routers/common/markup.go
+++ b/routers/common/markup.go
@@ -7,62 +7,66 @@ package common
 import (
 	"fmt"
 	"net/http"
+	"path"
 	"strings"
 
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/httplib"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/markup"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/markup/markdown"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/setting"
-	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/util"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/services/context"
-
-	"mvdan.cc/xurls/v2"
 )
 
 // RenderMarkup renders markup text for the /markup and /markdown endpoints
-func RenderMarkup(ctx *context.Base, repo *context.Repository, mode, text, urlPrefix, filePath string, wiki bool) {
-	var markupType string
-	relativePath := ""
+func RenderMarkup(ctx *context.Base, repo *context.Repository, mode, text, urlPathContext, filePath string, wiki bool) {
+	// urlPathContext format is "/subpath/{user}/{repo}/src/{branch, commit, tag}/{identifier/path}/{file/dir}"
+	// filePath is the path of the file to render if the end user is trying to preview a repo file (mode == "file")
+	// filePath will be used as RenderContext.RelativePath
 
-	if len(text) == 0 {
-		_, _ = ctx.Write([]byte(""))
-		return
+	// for example, when previewing file "/gitea/owner/repo/src/branch/features/feat-123/doc/CHANGE.md", then filePath is "doc/CHANGE.md"
+	// and the urlPathContext is "/gitea/owner/repo/src/branch/features/feat-123/doc"
+
+	var markupType, relativePath string
+
+	links := markup.Links{AbsolutePrefix: true}
+	if urlPathContext != "" {
+		links.Base = fmt.Sprintf("%s%s", httplib.GuessCurrentHostURL(ctx), urlPathContext)
 	}
 
 	switch mode {
 	case "markdown":
 		// Raw markdown
 		if err := markdown.RenderRaw(&markup.RenderContext{
-			Ctx: ctx,
-			Links: markup.Links{
-				AbsolutePrefix: true,
-				Base:           urlPrefix,
-			},
+			Ctx:   ctx,
+			Links: links,
 		}, strings.NewReader(text), ctx.Resp); err != nil {
 			ctx.Error(http.StatusInternalServerError, err.Error())
 		}
 		return
 	case "comment":
-		// Comment as markdown
+		// Issue & comment content
 		markupType = markdown.MarkupName
 	case "gfm":
-		// Github Flavored Markdown as document
+		// GitHub Flavored Markdown
 		markupType = markdown.MarkupName
 	case "file":
-		// File as document based on file extension
-		markupType = ""
+		markupType = "" // render the repo file content by its extension
 		relativePath = filePath
 	default:
 		ctx.Error(http.StatusUnprocessableEntity, fmt.Sprintf("Unknown mode: %s", mode))
 		return
 	}
 
-	if !strings.HasPrefix(setting.AppSubURL+"/", urlPrefix) {
-		// check if urlPrefix is already set to a URL
-		linkRegex, _ := xurls.StrictMatchingScheme("https?://")
-		m := linkRegex.FindStringIndex(urlPrefix)
-		if m == nil {
-			urlPrefix = util.URLJoin(setting.AppURL, urlPrefix)
-		}
+	fields := strings.SplitN(strings.TrimPrefix(urlPathContext, setting.AppSubURL+"/"), "/", 5)
+	if len(fields) == 5 && fields[2] == "src" && (fields[3] == "branch" || fields[3] == "commit" || fields[3] == "tag") {
+		// absolute base prefix is something like "https://host/subpath/{user}/{repo}"
+		absoluteBasePrefix := fmt.Sprintf("%s%s/%s", httplib.GuessCurrentAppURL(ctx), fields[0], fields[1])
+
+		fileDir := path.Dir(filePath)                      // it is "doc" if filePath is "doc/CHANGE.md"
+		refPath := strings.Join(fields[3:], "/")           // it is "branch/features/feat-12/doc"
+		refPath = strings.TrimSuffix(refPath, "/"+fileDir) // now we get the correct branch path: "branch/features/feat-12"
+
+		links = markup.Links{AbsolutePrefix: true, Base: absoluteBasePrefix, BranchPath: refPath, TreePath: fileDir}
 	}
 
 	meta := map[string]string{}
@@ -78,11 +82,8 @@ func RenderMarkup(ctx *context.Base, repo *context.Repository, mode, text, urlPr
 	}
 
 	if err := markup.Render(&markup.RenderContext{
-		Ctx: ctx,
-		Links: markup.Links{
-			AbsolutePrefix: true,
-			Base:           urlPrefix,
-		},
+		Ctx:          ctx,
+		Links:        links,
 		Metas:        meta,
 		IsWiki:       wiki,
 		Type:         markupType,
diff --git a/routers/web/repo/repo.go b/routers/web/repo/repo.go
index f54b35c3e0..c1eda8b674 100644
--- a/routers/web/repo/repo.go
+++ b/routers/web/repo/repo.go
@@ -418,8 +418,9 @@ func RedirectDownload(ctx *context.Context) {
 	tagNames := []string{vTag}
 	curRepo := ctx.Repo.Repository
 	releases, err := db.Find[repo_model.Release](ctx, repo_model.FindReleasesOptions{
-		RepoID:   curRepo.ID,
-		TagNames: tagNames,
+		IncludeDrafts: ctx.Repo.CanWrite(unit.TypeReleases),
+		RepoID:        curRepo.ID,
+		TagNames:      tagNames,
 	})
 	if err != nil {
 		ctx.ServerError("RedirectDownload", err)
diff --git a/templates/swagger/v1_json.tmpl b/templates/swagger/v1_json.tmpl
index 9ea6763a1a..fb117ea6cc 100644
--- a/templates/swagger/v1_json.tmpl
+++ b/templates/swagger/v1_json.tmpl
@@ -21954,7 +21954,7 @@
       "type": "object",
       "properties": {
         "Context": {
-          "description": "Context to render\n\nin: body",
+          "description": "URL path for rendering issue, media and file links\nExpected format: /subpath/{user}/{repo}/src/{branch, commit, tag}/{identifier/path}/{file/dir}\n\nin: body",
           "type": "string"
         },
         "Mode": {
@@ -21977,7 +21977,7 @@
       "type": "object",
       "properties": {
         "Context": {
-          "description": "Context to render\n\nin: body",
+          "description": "URL path for rendering issue, media and file links\nExpected format: /subpath/{user}/{repo}/src/{branch, commit, tag}/{identifier/path}/{file/dir}\n\nin: body",
           "type": "string"
         },
         "FilePath": {
diff --git a/web_src/js/features/repo-graph.js b/web_src/js/features/repo-graph.js
index 0086b92021..689b6f1369 100644
--- a/web_src/js/features/repo-graph.js
+++ b/web_src/js/features/repo-graph.js
@@ -69,9 +69,9 @@ export function initRepoGraphGit() {
       const html = await response.text();
       const div = document.createElement('div');
       div.innerHTML = html;
-      document.getElementById('pagination').innerHTML = div.getElementById('pagination').innerHTML;
-      document.getElementById('rel-container').innerHTML = div.getElementById('rel-container').innerHTML;
-      document.getElementById('rev-container').innerHTML = div.getElementById('rev-container').innerHTML;
+      document.getElementById('pagination').innerHTML = div.querySelector('#pagination').innerHTML;
+      document.getElementById('rel-container').innerHTML = div.querySelector('#rel-container').innerHTML;
+      document.getElementById('rev-container').innerHTML = div.querySelector('#rev-container').innerHTML;
       hideElem('#loading-indicator');
       showElem('#rel-container');
       showElem('#rev-container');